CBSE Physics Practical Class 12 - PDF Available

Preparing for the Physics Practical Class 12 is crucial for excelling in the CBSE Class 12 Physics examination. The practical component not only enhances your understanding of theoretical concepts but also contributes significantly to your overall score. The CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25 outlines the structure and content of the practical examinations, ensuring students are well-prepared for both experiments and viva voce.

Importance of Physics Practicals in Class 12

• Weightage: The practical examination accounts for 30 marks in the final assessment, making it a substantial portion of the overall grade.
• Conceptual Understanding: Engaging in practical experiments allows students to apply theoretical knowledge, facilitating a deeper comprehension of physics principles.
• Skill Development: Hands-on experiments develop critical scientific skills, including observation, analysis, and problem-solving.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Practical Evaluation Scheme

The evaluation scheme for the practical examination is as follows:

Do Check: Physics Practical Class 12 Pdf Download With Readings​

Structure of the Physics Practical Examination

The practical syllabus for physics class 12 is divided into two sections, each containing specific experiments and activities.

Section A: Experiments

1. Resistance Measurement: Measure the resistance of a wire using a metre bridge and calculate its specific resistance.
2. Resistance Per Unit Length: Plot a graph of potential difference versus current to determine the resistance per centimeter of a wire.
3. Combination of Resistors: Verify the laws of resistances connected in series and parallel using a metre bridge.
4. EMF Comparison: Compare the EMFs of two primary cells using a potentiometer.
5. Internal Resistance of a Cell: Find the internal resistance of a primary cell with the help of a potentiometer.
6. Galvanometer Resistance: Use the half-deflection method to determine the resistance of a galvanometer and calculate its figure of merit.
7. Galvanometer Conversion: Convert a galvanometer into an ammeter or voltmeter for a specific range and verify the conversion.
8. Frequency of AC Mains: Measure the frequency of AC mains using a sonometer.

Section A: Activities

1. Inductor Measurement: Measure the resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without an iron core.
2. Multimeter Usage: Use a multimeter to measure resistance, AC/DC voltage, and AC current, and check circuit continuity.
3. Household Circuit: Assemble a simple household circuit with bulbs, switches, a fuse, and a power source.
4. Circuit Assembly: Assemble the components of a given electrical circuit.
5. Voltage Drop Study: Study how the potential drop varies with the length of a wire carrying steady current.
6. Circuit Diagram Correction: Draw the diagram of an incomplete circuit with components like a battery, resistor, ammeter, and voltmeter, and correct any improper connections.

Section B: Experiments

1. Concave Mirror Focal Length: Measure $u$ and $v$ to determine the focal length of a concave mirror.
2. Convex Mirror Focal Length: Find the focal length of a convex mirror using a convex lens.
3. Convex Lens Focal Length: Plot graphs between $u$ and $v$ or $1/u$ and $1/v$ to calculate the focal length of a convex lens.
4. Concave Lens Focal Length: Determine the focal length of a concave lens using a convex lens.
5. Prism Angle of Deviation: Measure the angle of minimum deviation for a prism and plot a graph to study its relationship with the angle of incidence.
6. Refractive Index of Glass: Use a traveling microscope to find the refractive index of a glass slab.
7. Refractive Index of Liquids: Measure the refractive index of a liquid using (i) a concave mirror, (ii) a convex lens, and a plane mirror.
8. I-V Characteristics of Diodes: Plot the I-V curves for a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias.
9. Zener Diode Characteristics: Study the characteristics of a Zener diode and determine its reverse breakdown voltage.
10. Transistor Characteristics: Analyze the performance of a common-emitter NPN or PNP transistor to calculate current and voltage gains.

Section B: Activities

1. Component Identification: Identify diodes, LEDs, transistors, ICs, resistors, and capacitors from a mixed set.
2. Multimeter Applications: Use a multimeter to:
   • Identify the base of a transistor.
   • Differentiate between NPN and PNP transistors.
   • Check the unidirectional flow of current in diodes and LEDs.
   • Test if electronic components like diodes, transistors, or ICs are functioning.
3. LDR Study: Investigate how light intensity affects an LDR by changing the distance of the light source.
4. Refraction and Deviation: Observe refraction and lateral deviation of a light beam passing obliquely through a glass slab.
5. Polarization of Light: Use two polaroids to observe light polarization.
6. Diffraction Study: Observe diffraction patterns of light through a narrow slit.
7. Image Formation: Study the size and nature of images formed by a convex lens and concave mirror for different object distances using a candle and screen.
8. Lens Combination: Combine two lenses from a given set to create a lens of specified focal length.

Do Check: Best Preparation Tips for CBSE Class 12 Physics Board Exam

Preparing Your Physics Practical Notebook

Maintaining a well-organized Physics Practical Notebook Class 12 is essential. It should include detailed records of all experiments, observations, calculations, and conclusions. This not only aids in understanding but also is a critical component of the evaluation.

Accessing Physics Practical Resources

For comprehensive preparation, students can access various resources:

• Physics Practical Class 12 PDF Download: Detailed practical files with readings and diagrams are available for download. These resources provide step-by-step procedures for experiments, aiding in thorough preparation.
• CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25: The official syllabus can be downloaded to understand the complete structure and requirements of the practical examination.

Tips for Excelling in Physics Practicals

• Thorough Preparation: Review each experiment's theory and procedure before performing it.
• Accurate Record-Keeping: Maintain detailed and neat records in your practical file.
• Practice Viva Questions: Be prepared to answer questions related to the experiments, as viva voce is a part of the evaluation.
• Understand the Concepts: Focus on understanding the underlying physics concepts rather than rote memorization.

By diligently preparing and utilizing available resources, students can excel in the Physics Practical Class 12 examinations, thereby enhancing their overall performance in the CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25.