Root, stem, and leaves are the morphology of plants. Morphology is the study of science that deals with the study of form, size, color, and position of respective parts of an organism. By learning the morphology characters of an organism we can identify living organisms, learn the variation between two organisms, if an organism is affected by some pathogen by looking at their morphology characters we can identify their diseases.
So today we are learning about the morphological part of plants which are root, stem, leaf, fruit, flower, and seed. But in this article we are just studying three plant parts they are root, stem, and leaf. We know the importance of these three parts as we learned about them in our high school but we are learning about them here more scientifically and deeply.
The root is the main part in plants for absorbing water and nutrition and transporting it to the stem. The root grows deep into the soil but it can’t be done in bedrock because rocks won’t allow them to go further, they stop growing deeply when they meet the bedrock layer.
The stem is the one that transports the nutrition, water, and some minerals to all parts of the plant. It bears leaves, fruits, and flowers. It spreads its branches and gives shelter to other living organisms too. Leaves play an important role in photosynthesis by which they prepare food. So let’s study more deeply about these three.
Root, stem, and leaves are the morphology of plants. Morphology is the study of science that deals with the study of form, size, color, and position of respective parts of an organism. By learning the morphology characters of an organism we can identify living organisms, learn the variation between two organisms, if an organism is affected by some pathogen by looking at their morphology characters we can identify their diseases. we have learned about modifications, the morphology of the root, stem, and leaf which are more important in the plant.
Root, Stem, Leaf are plant parts. Other plant parts are fruit, flower, and seed. The underground part of the plant is the root which is growing towards soil with respect to gravitational force. The parts above ground are leaf, stem, flower, fruit, and seed which grow towards air opposite to gravitational force. In these, we are studying the underground part and the leaf and stem above-ground parts. Plants are the primary source of food in the world and the basic unit of the ecosystem. First, let’s study the root.
The vascular plant root is the organ that gives support to the whole plant and helps it to grow taller by transporting the nutrients, minerals, and water from the soil. They are basically below the soil but not always. Some plants bear aerials too in anaerobic conditions which makes them grow roots above ground. The main function of the root is to transport water, nutrients, and minerals to the plant from the soil and also to give support to the plant.
Root morphology is divided into four parts. They are the root cap, apical meristem, elongation zone, and hair. These four root caps are the base part or first part of the root system.
The stem is the main structural vascular axis for plants which transport nutrients and water to all parts of the plant. It bears leaves, flowers, and fruits. It stores nutrients and produces more living tissues. In some plants, the stem is modified to store food, support vegetative propagation and protection.
The stem is normally divided into nodes and internodes. Node is the one that bears buds and leaves; sometimes branches also arise from them. Internode is the place between two nodes.
Based on the type of modifications stem modifications are of three types.
Underground stem modification
Sub-aerial modifications
These modified stems are partially aerial and partially underground.
The leaf is the main part of the plant which has nutrients and other minerals which are used to prepare edible portions for other parts. Leaves a major role in photosynthesis and transpiration. Leaves are collectively called foliage. Leaves have different shapes and sizes. Broad leaves, narrow leaves, etc. leaf is a flat structure that is attached to a branch or stem.
Plant morphology is the main topic that we need to know when learning about plants. Although it is a basic topic, you get many bits regarding modifications and their examples. It is easy to learn, and you will score high. You can expect questions related to this topic every year in competitive papers. Just learn modification types and their definitions with examples. Don’t neglect the definition of parts and the functions of morphological parts.
Also read: Flower, Fruit and Seed
In the vascular plant root is the organ that gives support to the whole plant and helps it to grow taller by transporting the nutrients, minerals, and water from the soil. They are basically below the soil but not always. Some plants bear aerials too in anaerobic conditions which makes them grow roots above ground. The main function of the root is to transport water, nutrients, and minerals to the plant from the soil and also to give support to the plant.
Stem modifications:
Based on the type of modifications stem modifications are of three types.
1) Underground stem modification:
2) Sub-aerial modifications: These modified stems are partially aerial and partially underground.
3) Aerial stem modifications:
Morphology of leaf is as follows:
