Table of Contents
What is Dialysis? What are its types? What is the procedure? What are the symptoms and how does dialysis function? Find answers to all these questions and more in this article.
Kidney Dialysis is done on a person whose kidney function is impaired. In this process, they will extract a person’s blood, purify it, and then add it to their bloodstream. It is mainly important to the person undergoing dialysis, as their kidneys won’t function properly. This is an artificial kidney functioning doing everything kidney does, but outside the body. If a person with an impaired kidney does not get this process done, majority are the chances that he may die. Hence, they use a machine to remove the waste product from our blood, purify it again, and supply it to the body.
Overview
Dialysis is a Greek word that means dissolution or through splitting. As the name suggests, it is the process of artificially removing excess amounts of solute and waste products from the blood in patients whose kidneys are not working properly. When the kidneys are not functioning properly, they do not function properly, i.e., do not filter the blood. As a result, toxins build up in the bloodstream. This is where dialysis comes to the rescue. It artificially does the work of kidneys in a special way. Well-known as renal replacement therapy, the dialysis was successfully performed in the year 1945.
People who are suffering from end-stage renal disease need Dialysis. High blood pressure, diabetes, and lupus can damage the kidneys, which leads to kidney diseases. Kidney failure can be a long-term condition, or it can occur acutely, a sudden rapid loss of kidney function, known as acute kidney injury. In kidney diseases, there are five stages. In stage five, the health department considers you to be in end-stage renal disease or kidney failure. In this stage, the filtration will be up to 10-20% of its normal function. At this time, you should choose whether Dialysis or a kidney transplant.
The function of Dialysis
In Dialysis, two liquids separated by a porous membrane exchange those components, particles small enough to diffuse via pores. When blood is brought with a single side of the membrane, the dissolved inorganic salts and urea pass through a sterile solution placed on the other side of the membrane. White blood cells, red blood cells, proteins, and platelets can not pass through this membrane.
To prevent loss of substances like amino acids, sugars and salts are added to sterile solutions, so an equal movement in the opposite direction offsets their diffusion from the blood. The shortage of diffusible materials in the blood can be remedied by including them in solution, where they join the circulation. In Dialysis, water is not removed because its concentration is less than that in the solution. The blood’s dilution resulting from this process is prevented by ultrafiltration. The water with dissolved materials is forced via membrane by maintaining the blood at a higher pressure than the solution.
Classification
In Dialysis mainly, there are two types: hemodialysis and peritoneal.
- Hemodialysis:
In this type, a machine removes blood from the body and filters it with the help of a dialyzer, also known as an artificial kidney, and resends the purified blood into the body. It takes about three to five hours.
- Peritoneal:
The tiny blood vessels in the abdominal lining, the peritoneum, filter blood with dialysis solution. This solution is a cleansing liquid that contains water, salt, and other additives. If this peritoneal dialysis takes place at home, there are two types to do this treatment:
- Automated peritoneal Dialysis: In this process, a machine named cycle is used.
- Continuous ambulatory peritoneal Dialysis: This process or treatment is done manually.
- Symptoms of Dialysis:
The following symptoms may act as indicators for kidney failure, and sometimes they may not act as indicators of kidney failure. The symptoms are sudden or persistent changes in urination, metallic taste in the mouth known as ammonia breath, itching or pruritus, fatigue, nausea and throwing up, loss of appetite, and swelling; these may show that the kidney is failed.
- Dialyzable substances:
Dialyzable substances are defined as the substance’s removal with Dialysis. Characteristics of these dialyzable substances are lower molecular mass, high water solubility, low protein binding capacity, prolonged elimination, and a small volume of distribution. Some dialyzable substances are ethylene glycol, procainamide, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, lithium, bromide, ethanol, acetone, etc.
Also read: Important Topic Of Biology: Renal Calculi.
FAQs
What is Dialysis?
Dialysis is a Greek word that means dissolution or through splitting. It is the process of artificially removing excess amounts of solute and waste products from the blood in patients whose kidneys are not working properly. When the kidneys are not functioning properly, they don't filter the blood, which is their function, and toxins build up in your bloodstream. Dartificially does the work of kidneyscial way. It is well-known as renal replacement therapy. Dialysis was successfully performed in the year 1945.
What is the principle of Dialysis?
In Dialysis, two liquids separated by a porous membrane exchange those components, particles small enough to diffuse via pores. When blood is brought with a single side of the membrane, the dissolved inorganic salts and urea pass through a sterile solution placed on the other side of the membrane. White blood cells, red blood cells, proteins, and platelets can not pass through this membrane. To prevent loss of substances like amino acids, sugars and salts are added to sterile solutions. Hence, an equal movement in the opposite direction offsets their diffusion from the blood.
What are some dialyzable substances in this process?
Dialyzable substances are defined as the substance's removal with Dialysis. Characteristics of these dialyzable substances are lower molecular mass, high water solubility, low protein binding capacity, prolonged elimination, and a small volume of distribution. Some dialyzable substances are ethylene glycol, procainamide, methanol, isopropyl alcohol, lithium, bromide, ethanol, acetone, etc.
Question: What are hemodialysis and peritoneal Dialysis?
Answer: In this we mainly, there are two types: hemodialysis and peritoneal Dialysis.
- Hemodialysis:- In this type, a machine removes blood from the body and filters it with the help of a dialyzer, also known as an artificial kidney, and resends the purified blood into the body. It takes about three to five hours.
- Peritoneal Dialysis:- In this process, the tiny blood vessels inside the abdominal lining, the peritoneum, filter blood with dialysis solution. This solution is a cleansing liquid that contains water, salt, and other additives. If this peritoneal Dialysis takes place at home, there are two types to do this treatment:-
- Automated peritoneal Dialysis:- in this process, a machine named cycle is used.
- Continuous ambulatory peritoneal Dialysis:- this process or treatment is done manually.
