Table of Contents
Introduction of Chloroplasts
Chloroplasts are organelles in the plant cell that are unique in that they are the only organelles in the cell that are capable of photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are small, round, and green in color. They are surrounded by a double membrane, and the interior of the organelle is filled with a gel-like substance called stroma. Chloroplasts contain the pigment chlorophyll, which is responsible for the green color of plants. Chloroplasts are also unique in that they are the only organelles in the cell that are capable of photosynthesis.
The Evolution of Chloroplast
The evolution of chloroplasts is still a mystery to scientists. Chloroplasts are organelles in the plant cell that are unique in that they are able to change light into chemical energy that can be used by plants to create glucose from carbon dioxide and water. Chloroplasts are thought to have evolved from cyanobacteria, which are photosynthetic bacteria.
The first evidence of chloroplasts came from studies of green algae. In these organisms, the chloroplasts are embedded in the cell membrane and are not surrounded by a sac-like structure as they are in plants. In the late 1800s, a scientist named Hugo von Mohl observed that the cell sap in green algae was green and that it was possible to see the chloroplasts moving around in the cell.
In the early 1900s, a scientist named Carl Correns discovered that the chloroplasts in green algae were similar to the cyanobacteria that he had been studying. He also discovered that the chloroplasts in green algae were able to change light into chemical energy. This discovery confirmed that chloroplasts evolved from cyanobacteria.
Since then, scientists have been studying the evolution of chloroplasts in more detail. One of the things they have discovered is that the genes in the chloroplasts are similar to the genes in the cyanobacteria. This suggests that the chloroplasts and cyanobacteria share a common ancestor.
Characteristics and Structure
The hypothalamus is a small, elongated, diencephalon structure that is located just below the thalamus. It is responsible for a wide range of functions, including controlling the body’s temperature, hunger, thirst, and circadian rhythms. The hypothalamus also regulates the pituitary gland, which is responsible for producing many important hormones.
The hypothalamus is structurally divided into two parts: the anterior and posterior. The anterior hypothalamus is responsible for controlling the body’s autonomic functions, while the posterior hypothalamus controls the body’s hunger and thirst. The hypothalamus is also rich in nerve cells, which allow it to communicate with other parts of the brain.
Functions:
The functions of the digestive system are to break down food into small molecules that can be absorbed into the blood stream, to extract the nutrients from food, and to excrete the waste products.
The digestive system is made up of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The digestive system starts with the mouth, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva. The food then passes down the esophagus and into the stomach, where it is mixed with digestive juices and broken down into small molecules. The small intestine is where the nutrients are extracted from the food and the waste products are excreted. The large intestine is where water is absorbed from the food and the waste products are excreted.
What happens to Plants That do not have Chloroplast?
Plants that do not have chloroplasts are unable to produce their own food and, as a result, must rely on other sources of nutrition.
Some Facts About Chloroplast
-Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that are unique in that they have the ability to change light into chemical energy that can be used by plants to create glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
-Chloroplasts are green because they contain the green pigment chlorophyll.
-Chloroplasts are about 1-2 micrometers in diameter.
-Chloroplasts are found in the cytoplasm of plant cells.
