BiologyComponents of FoodWater-soluble Vitamins and their deficiencies

Water-soluble Vitamins and their deficiencies

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    • Water-soluble Vitamins
      • Vitamin B Complex
      • Vitamin C
    • Summary
    • What’s Next?

    In the previous segment, we learned about Fat-soluble vitamins and their deficiencies. In this segment, we will learn about Water-soluble vitamins.

    Water-soluble vitamins

    Types of water-soluble vitamins include:

    1. Vitamin B complex

    It is a group of 8 vitamins – B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, and B12.

    What are the functions of Vitamin B complex?

    All the vitamins of the B complex are necessary for us individually. For example, vitamin B1 helps convert carbohydrates into energy, vitamin B3 helps lower cholesterol and so on. Together all the vitamins in this group are required for the proper functioning of our cells.

    What are the sources of vitamin B complex?

    Food items such as cereals, nuts, legumes and whole grains and animal sources such as meat, eggs, fish, liver, milk and milk products are a good source of the various B complex vitamins.

    Vitamin B complex deficiency

    There are many issues related to the deficiency of the B complex vitamins. Let us look at a few of them.

    Vitamin B1 deficiency causes severe issues like Beriberi. There are two types of beriberi: wet beriberi and dry beriberi. Wet beriberi affects the heart and the circulatory system, while dry beriberi affects the muscles negatively.

    Vitamin B3 deficiency causes Pellagra. Pellagra is basically a combination of 4D’s

    – diarrhoea that is watery stools, dermatitis which is red itchy skin, dementia that is the loss of memory which eventually leads to death.

    Vitamin B9 deficiency causes Anaemia, that is a decrease in the red blood cells in the blood. Red blood cells help transport oxygen to various parts of the body.

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