Table of Contents
Introduction:
The mechanical potential stored energy in the configuration of a material or physical system as it is susceptible to elastic deformation by services done on it is referred to as elastic energy. When objects are impermanently compressed, stretched, or distorted in any way, elastic energy is released. Elasticity theory is largely concerned with the development of formalism for solid body and material mechanics. Entropic elasticity is exemplified by this example.) The elastic potential energy equation is used to calculate mechanical equilibrium positions. When the object is permitted to return to its original state, the energy will be changed into other forms of energy, such as kinetic and sound energy.
A brief outline:
Elastic potential energy:
Reversibility is the essence of flexibility. Forces applied to an elastic material transmit energy into the material, which can then return to its original shape by releasing that energy to its surroundings. All materials, however, have a limit to how much deformation they can take before breaking or irreparably altering their internal structure. As a result, solid material characterizations include the determination of elastic limits, which are commonly expressed in terms of strains. When the material reaches its elastic limit, it can no longer store all of the energy generated by mechanical work in the form of elastic energy.
The static energy of configuration is the elastic energy within a substance. It refers to the amount of energy stored by altering the interatomic distances between nuclei. Thermal energy is the random distribution of kinetic energy within a material that causes statistical fluctuations in the substance’s equilibrium configuration. However, there is some interaction. Spinning, flexing, and other distortion of some solid matter, for example, may yield thermal energy, causing the material’s temperature to elevate. Internal elastic waves termed phonons are frequently used to transport thermal energy in materials. Elastic waves that are large enough on the scale of an isolated item frequently create macroscopic vibrations that are so devoid of randomness that their oscillations are just the repeating interchange of (elastic) potential energy inside the object and the kinetic energy within the object.
Important concepts:
What is the formula for calculating elastic energy in an ideal spring?
The magnitude of the force F owing to an ideal spring depends linearly just on the length ∆x it has been squeezed or expanded, according to our page on Hooke’s law and elasticity.
F= k. ∆x, where k is the spring constant, which is a positive value. The spring force is a conservative force, and conservative forces have related potential energies.
U=1/2 (Δx) ⋅k(Δx) =1/2 k(Δx)2
Spring potential energy:
We examine how genuine springs only obey Hooke’s law over a limited range of applied force in our article on Hooke’s law and elasticity. Some elastic materials, such as rubber bands and flexible plastics, can act as springs, but they frequently exhibit hysteresis, which implies that the force vs extension curve takes a different path when the material is deformed than when it relaxes back to its equilibrium position.
Fortunately, the same basic way of handling the definition of the term that we used to create an ideal spring also applies to elastic materials in general. Regardless of the shape of the curve, the area underneath the force vs extension curve may always be used to calculate the elastic potential energy.
As long as the force is exerted, this sort of potential energy is stored inside the elastic object. After the force has been eliminated, this energy works on the object to restore it to its former shape. The elastic limits of objects designed to store huge amounts of elastic potential energy are often very high. It’s vital to remember that every elastic object has a load limit that, when exceeded, causes the object’s permanent deformation.
The lengthening of bowstrings during archery and a stretched-output rubber band are both examples of elastic potential energy
The elastic potential energy is calculated as follows:
∆U = W
Gravitational potential energy:
The energy that an object has due to its location in a gravitational field is known as gravitational potential energy. The gravitational potential energy is equal to the force necessary to lift it because the force needed to lift it is equal to its weight.
P E Gravitational = weight (w g) × Height (H) = m g h
The work done against gravity to convey a mass to a particular position in space is the general term for gravitational potential energy, which comes from the law of gravity. Because the gravity force is inverse square, it approaches zero at long distances, hence choosing the zero of gravitational potential energy at an indefinite distance makes sense. Because gravity produces positive work as the mass approaches a planet, the gravitational potential energy near it is negative. This negative potential indicates a “bound condition,” in which a mass becomes imprisoned when it comes close to a huge body and must wait for something to generate enough energy to allow it to leave. The gravitational potential energy’s basic form
U = -GMm/r
G is the gravitational constant, M is the attracting body’s mass, and r is the separation between their centers. This is the most common representation of gravitational potential energy for estimating escape velocity from earth’s gravity.
Significance of elastic energy in NEET exam:
The objective of NEET themes in an elastic force is to explain and provide the most probable questions that will occur on the exam. With the help of notes from professional academics in the field, that is accessible on the Infinity Learn online platform, these can be described in simple terms. If students have a thorough comprehension of the subjects covered throughout the curriculum, multiple-choice questions are easy to practice.
A supple force Important NEET questions aid students in their preparation for multiple-choice questions, that are prevalent in the necessary test.
The above article on elastic energy contains thorough information on the many forms of energy. Examine the detailed notes attentively to ensure that you understand this topic since it will help you prepare for the next NEET exam. You can also jot down some quick notes on elastic energy to study during the exam.
Frequently asked questions:
Question 1: What is the definition of Elastic Potential Energy?
Answer: This is the amount of energy that the distortion of the object’s shape has. Elastic potential energy can be found in any item that can be stretched and then returned to its original shape. Rubber bands, sponges, and bungee cords are just a few examples. When you modify these objects, they will simply return to their previous shapes. Only because the collected potential energy is elastic potential energy is this possible. As a result, the energy held in a compressed or stretchy item is known as elastic potential energy.
Question 2: What are some of the influencing elements for gravitational potential energy?
Answer: The following are the primary factors that aid in determining the amount of gravitational potential energy:
- The gravitational energy of an object is larger if the mass of the thing is greater.
- The distance between the object and the earth’s surface – An object with a larger height with regard to the earth’s surface will have a higher gravitational potential energy.
