Table of Contents
An Introduction to Ionic Radius Trends
Ionic radius is the measure of the size of an ion. It is determined by the distance between the two nuclei of the atoms that make up the ion. The trend in ionic radius is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus. The more protons in the nucleus, the larger the ionic radius.
The trend in ionic radius is determined by the number of protons in the nucleus. The more protons in the nucleus, the larger the ionic radius.
The trend in ionic radius is also determined by the number of electrons in the electron cloud. The more electrons in the electron cloud, the smaller the ionic radius.
The trend in ionic radius is also determined by the type of element. The more metallic an element is, the larger the ionic radius. The more non-metallic an element is, the smaller the ionic radius.
Atomic Size
The size of an atom is determined by the distance between the nucleus and the electron shells. The further away the electron shells are from the nucleus, the larger the atom will be. The size of an atom is also affected by the number of protons in the nucleus, as protons have a positive charge that pulls the electron shells closer to the nucleus.
Ionic Radius Trends
The ionic radius of an atom is the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electron. The ionic radius of an atom increases as the number of protons in the nucleus increases. This is because the stronger nuclear force attracts the electrons to the nucleus. The ionic radius of an atom also increases as the number of electrons in the atom increases. This is because the electron-electron repulsion force increases as the number of electrons in the atom increases. The ionic radius of an atom also decreases as the electron affinity of the atom increases. This is because the electron affinity is the energy required to remove an electron from an atom.
Trends In Ionic Radius Down A Group
The ionic radius decreases down a group because as you move down a group the number of protons in the nucleus increases. This causes the electron cloud to spread out more, resulting in a smaller ionic radius.
Trends in Ionic Radius Across a Period
The ionic radius decreases as you move down a group because the atoms become more electronegative.
Determination of Ions in a Solution
In order to determine the ions in a solution, you must first know the molarity of the solution. Once you have the molarity, you can use the following equation to determine the number of moles of each ion in the solution:
# of moles of ion = (molarity of solution) x (volume of solution) / (molarity of ion)
For example, if you have a 0.5 M solution of NaCl, you would have 0.5 moles of NaCl in 1 liter of solution.
Difference Between Ionic And Atomic Radius
The atomic radius is the distance from the nucleus of an atom to its outermost electron. The ionic radius is the distance from the nucleus of an atom to its outermost electron when the atom has lost or gained one or more electrons.
Ionic Radii Trends of Transition Elements
The ionic radii of the transition elements generally decreases from manganese to copper, and then increases from zinc to mercury.