UncategorizedSalt Analysis – Introduction, Shortcuts to Identify Ions and FAQ

Salt Analysis – Introduction, Shortcuts to Identify Ions and FAQ

A Brief Introduction to Salt Analysis

Salt analysis is a technique used to measure the concentration of salt in a sample. This can be used to determine the purity of a sample, or to measure the amount of salt present in a solution. The technique involves using a spectrometer to measure the absorbance of light at a specific wavelength. This can be used to calculate the concentration of salt in the sample.

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    Salt Analysis - Introduction, Shortcuts to Identify Ions and FAQ

    A Walkthrough for Analysing Salts

    • When analysing salts, it is important to first identify the cation and anion. The cation is the positively charged ion and the anion is the negatively charged ion.
    • Once the cation and anion have been identified, the next step is to determine the formula for the salt. The formula for a salt is the sum of the cation and anion formulas.
    • For example, if the cation is sodium (Na+) and the anion is chloride (Cl-), the formula for the salt is NaCl.

    Shortcuts to Identify Ions

    The following are a few shortcuts to help identify ions:

    1. Cations are always positive, while anions are always negative.
    2. Metals always form cations, while non-metals always form anions.
    3. The charge on an ion is always the sum of the charges on its constituent atoms.
    4. Ions always have the same number of protons as electrons.

    A Guide to Common Cations to Help with Salt Analysis

    The following guide provides information on common cations that can used to help with salt analysis.

    A Guide to Common Anions in Salt Analysis

    Anion Name Formula Molecular Weight Chloride Cl- 35.45 Sulphate SO4-2 96.07 Carbonate CO3-2 54.01 Nitrate NO3- 62.00 Phosphate PO4-3 98.00

    Anion Name Formula Molecular Weight Bromide Br- 79.92 Iodide I- 126.90

    Preliminary Tests (Anions & Acid Radicals)

    In this experiment, you will be testing for the presence of anions and acid radicals.

    Materials

    • Sodium carbonate solution
    • Phenolphthalein indicator
    • Assorted acids (vinegar, lemon juice, etc.)

    Procedure

    1. To test for anions, place a few drops of sodium carbonate solution on a watch glass.
    2. Add a few drops of an acid to the watch glass.
    3. Observe the color of the solution.

    If the solution turns pink, then there are anions present.

    1. To test for acid radicals, place a few drops of sodium carbonate solution on a watch glass.
    2. Add a few drops of an acid to the watch glass.
    3. Observe the color of the solution.

    If the solution turns colorless, then there are acid radicals present.

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