Table of Contents
What Is The Valence Bond Theory? ;
The valence bond theory is a theory in chemistry that explains the nature of chemical bonding. It is based on the idea that atoms form covalent bonds by sharing electrons. The theory states that atoms form a molecule by sharing electrons in order to fill their outer shells.
Bonding and Properties of Coordination Compounds
A coordination compound is an inorganic compound that consists of a central metal ion surrounded by ligands. The ligands are typically molecules or ions that can donate electrons to the metal ion. The metal ion forms a coordination sphere with the ligands.
The type of bonding that occurs between the metal ion and the ligands is called coordination bonding. In coordination bonding, the metal ion and the ligands share electrons. This results in a stable coordination compound.
The properties of a coordination compound are largely determined by the type of ligands that are present. Some common properties that can be affected include the compound’s color, solubility, and reactivity.
Coordination Compounds Hybridization
Coordination compounds are molecules that have a central atom that is surrounded by other atoms or molecules. The central atom is usually a metal, and the surrounding atoms or molecules are called ligands. The ligands can be either ions or molecules.
The atoms or molecules that surround the central atom are held together by chemical bonds. The type of chemical bond that forms between the central atom and the surrounding atoms or molecules is called a coordination bond.
The central atom in a coordination compound can be in one of three different states of oxidation. The oxidation state of an atom is a measure of how many electrons the atom has lost or gained.
The three different oxidation states of a central atom are:
• oxidation state of 0 – this is the lowest oxidation state and means that the atom has lost all of its electrons
• oxidation state of +1 – this is the first oxidation state and means that the atom has gained one electron
• oxidation state of +2 – this is the second oxidation state and means that the atom has gained two electrons
The type of coordination compound that is formed depends on the oxidation state of the central atom. There are three different types of coordination compounds:
• coordination compound with a central atom in the oxidation state of 0 – this type of coordination compound is called an ionic coordination compound
• coordination compound with a central atom in the oxidation state of +1 – this type of coordination compound is called a
Orbitals of Co+3ion:
There are six orbitals in a Co+3 ion, three of which are occupied. The three occupied orbitals are the 2s orbital, the 2p orbital, and the 3d orbital. The 2s orbital is filled with two electrons, the 2p orbital is filled with six electrons, and the 3d orbital is filled with 10 electrons. The remaining three orbitals are unoccupied and are called the 2pz, 2px, and 2py orbitals.
Valence Bond Theory Postulates
Valence bond theory postulates that a covalent bond is formed when two atoms share a pair of electrons.
Application of Valence Bond Theory
The valence bond theory is used to describe the bonding in molecules. It can be used to predict the geometry of a molecule, and to explain the bonding in molecules with multiple bonds.
