Table of Contents
What are Public Enterprises
?
Public enterprises are businesses owned by the government. These businesses can be in a variety of industries, including utilities, transportation, and manufacturing. The government can either operate the business itself or it can sell shares in the business to the public.
How has the Development of Public Enterprises been in India
?
Public sector enterprises (PSEs) are owned and controlled by the government. India has had a mixed experience with PSEs. While some PSEs are efficient and profitable, others are loss-making and need government subsidies to survive.
There are several reasons for this. First, the government often intervenes in the management of PSEs, which reduces their efficiency. Second, PSEs are often not subject to the same competitive pressures as private firms, which reduces their competitiveness. Third, the government often does not provide PSEs with the same level of resources as private firms. Finally, the government often regulates PSEs more tightly than private firms, which reduces their efficiency.
Examples of Public Enterprises in India
Public Sector Banks:
Public sector banks are banks in which the government has a majority stake. These banks are often referred to as PSU banks. The government owns a majority stake in these banks in order to ensure that they serve the public interest. Some of the largest public sector banks in India are the State Bank of India, the Bank of India, the Punjab National Bank, and the Central Bank of India.
Public Sector Insurance Companies:
Public sector insurance companies are insurance companies in which the government has a majority stake. The government owns a majority stake in these companies in order to ensure that they serve the public interest. Some of the largest public sector insurance companies in India are the Life Insurance Corporation of India, the General Insurance Corporation of India, and the National Insurance Corporation.
Public Sector Energy Companies:
Public sector energy companies are energy companies in which the government has a majority stake. The government owns a majority stake in these companies in order to ensure that they serve the public interest. Some of the largest public sector energy companies in India are the Coal India Limited, the National Thermal Power Corporation, and the Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited.
Foundation of Public Sector undertakings in India
The first public sector undertaking in India was the Hindustan Steelworks Limited, which was set up in 1928.
What is the Importance of the Public Sector in India?
The public sector in India is important because it is responsible for providing essential services to the people of India. These services include healthcare, education, infrastructure, and utilities. The public sector is also responsible for creating jobs and stimulating economic growth.
Role of Public Sector Enterprises In-Country Development
Public sector enterprises can play an important role in economic development by creating jobs, providing essential services, and stimulating economic growth. They can also help to level the playing field for businesses by creating a more competitive environment. Additionally, public sector enterprises can be a source of revenue for the government, which can be used to fund other initiatives to promote economic development.
Initiatives are taken to improve the performance of the Public Sector in India
at the state and local levels.
Some initiatives include:
1. The Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is an Indian government programme aimed at the universalization of elementary education. Launched on 8 September 2001 by the former Prime Minister of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the programme has aimed to provide free and compulsory education to all children aged 6 to 14 years.
2. The Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) is an Indian government programme aimed at the renewal and urban infrastructure development of Indian cities. The mission was started in 2005 by the former Prime Minister of India, Manmohan Singh, and was later extended by the current Prime Minister, Narendra Modi.
3. The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) is an Indian government programme aimed at the construction of affordable housing for all. The programme was launched by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, on 25th June 2015.
4. The Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) is an Indian government programme aimed at providing crop insurance to farmers. The programme was launched by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, on 23rd January 2016.
FAQs on Development Of Public Enterprises In India
1. What is the role of public enterprises in the Indian economy?
Public enterprises in India play a significant role in the economy by contributing to the country’s GDP, providing employment, and enhancing the country’s technological base.
2. What are the main objectives of public enterprises in India?
The main objectives of public enterprises in India are to promote socio-economic development, provide goods and services, and generate employment.
3. How are public enterprises in India governed?
Public enterprises in India are governed by the Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises. The government provides policy guidance and regulates the functioning of these enterprises.
4. How are public enterprises in India financed?
Public enterprises in India are financed through budgetary allocations, share capital, and loans from financial institutions.
5. What are the challenges faced by public enterprises in India?
The main challenges faced by public enterprises in India include inadequate funding, poor management, and outdated technology.
