{"id":145803,"date":"2022-03-20T02:23:38","date_gmt":"2022-03-19T20:53:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome-structure-and-solved-example\/"},"modified":"2022-04-09T10:58:30","modified_gmt":"2022-04-09T05:28:30","slug":"difference-between-gene-and-chromosome-structure-and-solved-example","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome\/","title":{"rendered":"Difference Between Gene and Chromosome &#8211; Structure and Solved Example"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_37 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><label for=\"item\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' style='display:block'><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome\/#Genes_and_Chromosomes_The_Difference_between_Gene_and_Chromosome_can_be_Explained_as\" title=\"Genes and Chromosomes; The Difference between Gene and Chromosome can be Explained as:\">Genes and Chromosomes; The Difference between Gene and Chromosome can be Explained as:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome\/#DNA_Structure\" title=\"DNA Structure\">DNA Structure<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome\/#Genes_vs_Chromosomes\" title=\"Genes vs Chromosomes\">Genes vs Chromosomes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome\/#Sets_of_Chromosomes\" title=\"Sets of Chromosomes\">Sets of Chromosomes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome\/#Structure_of_DNA\" title=\"Structure of DNA\">Structure of DNA<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome\/#Gene_vs_Chromosome\" title=\"Gene vs Chromosome\">Gene vs Chromosome<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Genes_and_Chromosomes_The_Difference_between_Gene_and_Chromosome_can_be_Explained_as\"><\/span>Genes and Chromosomes; The Difference between Gene and Chromosome can be Explained as:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A gene is a specific sequence of DNA that codes for a specific protein. Chromosomes are structures inside cells that contain genes.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-145802 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome-structure-and-solved-example.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"606\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome-structure-and-solved-example.jpg?v=1647723214 606w, https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/difference-between-gene-and-chromosome-structure-and-solved-example-300x212.jpg?v=1647723214 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DNA_Structure\"><\/span>DNA Structure<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>DNA is a molecule that encodes the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. The double-helix structure of DNA is iconic of the field of molecular biology.<\/p>\n<p>The structure of DNA was elucidated in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick, based on X-ray crystallography data collected by Rosalind Franklin. The DNA molecule is a long polymer of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base. The phosphate and sugar groups are linked together by a covalent bond, and the nitrogenous bases are linked together by hydrogen bonds. The DNA molecule is typically double-stranded, but can exist as a single strand in a process called DNA replication.<\/p>\n<p>The nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Adenine and guanine are purines, and cytosine and thymine are pyrimidines. The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the genetic information carried by the molecule.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Genes_vs_Chromosomes\"><\/span>Genes vs Chromosomes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Genes are the basic physical and functional units of heredity. Chromosomes are structures within the nucleus of a cell that carry the genes.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sets_of_Chromosomes\"><\/span>Sets of Chromosomes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Chromosomes are threadlike structures found inside the cells of plants and animals. They carry the genetic information that determines the characteristics of an organism. In humans, each cell contains 46 chromosomes. Chromosomes are made up of DNA, the genetic material of an organism.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Structure_of_DNA\"><\/span>Structure of DNA<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The helical structure of DNA is formed by the backbone of the molecule, which is a chain of alternating phosphate and sugar groups, and the bases that protrude from it. The sugar and phosphate groups form the &#8220;rails&#8221; of the helix, and the bases stick out from the sides of the rails like the rungs of a ladder. The DNA backbone is stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the phosphate and sugar groups. The bases are paired together in a specific way: adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G).<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gene_vs_Chromosome\"><\/span>Gene vs Chromosome<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein. Chromosomes are structures within the cell nucleus that carry genes. Genes are located on chromosomes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Genes and Chromosomes; The Difference between Gene and Chromosome can be Explained as: A gene is a specific sequence of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Difference Between Gene and Chromosome - Structure and Solved Example","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Learn about Difference Between Gene and Chromosome topic of biology in details explained by subject experts on infinitylearn.com. 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