{"id":146211,"date":"2022-03-20T02:57:39","date_gmt":"2022-03-19T21:27:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/relaxin-hormone-in-human-pregnancy-and-cardiovascular-system\/"},"modified":"2022-10-27T13:37:44","modified_gmt":"2022-10-27T08:07:44","slug":"relaxin-hormone-in-human-pregnancy-and-cardiovascular-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/relaxin\/","title":{"rendered":"Relaxin Hormone in Human Pregnancy and Cardiovascular System"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_37 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><label for=\"item\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' style='display:block'><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/relaxin\/#What_is_Relaxin_Relaxin_Synthesis\" title=\"What is Relaxin? Relaxin Synthesis?\">What is Relaxin? Relaxin Synthesis?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/relaxin\/#Functions\" title=\"Functions :\">Functions :<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/relaxin\/#Reproduction\" title=\"Reproduction\">Reproduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/relaxin\/#Cardiovascular_function\" title=\"Cardiovascular function\">Cardiovascular function<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/relaxin\/#Relaxin_Structure\" title=\"Relaxin Structure\">Relaxin Structure<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/relaxin\/#Function_of_relaxin\" title=\"Function of relaxin\">Function of relaxin<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/relaxin\/#Role_of_Relaxin_in_Pregnancy\" title=\"Role of Relaxin in Pregnancy\">Role of Relaxin in Pregnancy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/biology\/relaxin\/#Role_of_Relaxin_in_the_Cardiovascular_System\" title=\"Role of Relaxin in the Cardiovascular System.\">Role of Relaxin in the Cardiovascular System.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_Relaxin_Relaxin_Synthesis\"><\/span>What is Relaxin? Relaxin Synthesis?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Relaxin\">Relaxin<\/a> is a peptide hormone that is produced primarily by the corpus luteum and placenta. It is responsible for the relaxation and dilation of the cervix and vagina in preparation for childbirth. It also promotes the growth and remodeling of the uterus and mammary glands in preparation for lactation. Relaxin synthesis occurs as a result of the cleavage of prorelaxin by the relaxin converting enzyme (RCEnzyme). It is a member of the insulin superfamily and is structurally similar to insulin. Relaxin Hormone in Human Pregnancy .<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-146210 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/relaxin-hormone-in-human-pregnancy-and-cardiovascular-system.jpg\" alt=\"Relaxin Hormone in Human Pregnancy \" width=\"606\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/relaxin-hormone-in-human-pregnancy-and-cardiovascular-system.jpg?v=1647725255 606w, https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/relaxin-hormone-in-human-pregnancy-and-cardiovascular-system-300x212.jpg?v=1647725255 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Functions\"><\/span>Functions :<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reproduction\"><\/span><span id=\"Reproduction\" class=\"mw-headline\">Reproduction<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Relaxin levels rise to a peak within approximately 14 days of ovulation, and then decline in the absence of pregnancy, resulting in menstruation.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Eric_2004_9-0\" class=\"reference\">[9]<\/sup> Relaxin may be involved in the vital process of decidualisation, working alongside steroid hormones to allow the endometrium to prepare for implantation.<sup id=\"cite_ref-10\" class=\"reference\">[10]<\/sup> During the first trimester of pregnancy, levels rise and additional relaxin is produced by the decidua. Blood plasma levels of relaxin peak during the first trimester (8-12 weeks) at 1.2 ng\/mL and subsequently drop following demise of the corpus luteum.<sup id=\"cite_ref-11\" class=\"reference\">[11]<\/sup> In pregancy, relaxin mediates the hemodynamic changes that occur such as increased cardiac output and increased renal blood flow.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:6_12-0\" class=\"reference\">[12]<\/sup> It also relaxes other pelvic ligaments in the lower reproductive tract.<sup id=\"cite_ref-pmid21613576_13-0\" class=\"reference\">[13]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>In males, relaxin enhances motility of sperm in semen.<sup id=\"cite_ref-pmid2497805_14-0\" class=\"reference\">[14]<\/sup><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cardiovascular_function\"><\/span><span id=\"Cardiovascular_function\" class=\"mw-headline\">Cardiovascular function<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In the cardiovascular system, relaxin is secreated by the heart<sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_15-0\" class=\"reference\">[15]<\/sup> and functions as a vasodialator mainly through the nitric oxide pathway. Other mechanisms include activation of NF\u03baB leading to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), activation of PI3K\/Akt-associated signaling pathways,<sup id=\"cite_ref-16\" class=\"reference\">[16]<\/sup> and matrix metalloproteinases transcription.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:0_17-0\" class=\"reference\">[17]<\/sup> In <i>ex vivo<\/i> experiments using subcutaneous resistance arteries, relaxin has shown to be a powerful endothelium-dependent vasodilator.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:7_15-1\" class=\"reference\">[15]<\/sup><sup id=\"cite_ref-18\" class=\"reference\">[18]<\/sup><\/p>\n<p>Via upregulation of VEGF, relaxin also plays a key role in blood vessel formation (angiogenesis) during pregnancy, tumour development or ischaemic wounds.<sup id=\"cite_ref-:1_19-0\" class=\"reference\">[19]<\/sup><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Relaxin_Structure\"><\/span>Relaxin Structure<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The structure of the relaxin molecule is very similar to the insulin molecule, another small peptide hormone.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Function_of_relaxin\"><\/span>Function of relaxin<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>It helps to soften the cervix and loosen the joints.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Role_of_Relaxin_in_Pregnancy\"><\/span>Role of Relaxin in Pregnancy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The role of relaxin in pregnancy is to help loosen the ligaments in the pelvic area and to help the baby pass through the birth canal. Relaxin also helps to soften the cervix in preparation for labor.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Role_of_Relaxin_in_the_Cardiovascular_System\"><\/span>Role of Relaxin in the Cardiovascular System.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Relaxin is a hormone that helps to relax the muscles and blood vessels in the body. This can help to improve blood flow and reduce blood pressure. Relaxin can also help to improve the function of the heart and reduce the risk of heart disease.<\/p>\n<p>Relaxin Hormone in Human Pregnancy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is Relaxin? Relaxin Synthesis? Relaxin is a peptide hormone that is produced primarily by the corpus luteum and placenta. 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