{"id":149460,"date":"2022-03-21T10:23:12","date_gmt":"2022-03-21T04:53:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/carbon-group-elements-symbol-atomic-number-and-atomic-mass\/"},"modified":"2022-03-30T00:01:37","modified_gmt":"2022-03-29T18:31:37","slug":"carbon-group-elements-symbol-atomic-number-and-atomic-mass","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/carbon-group-elements\/","title":{"rendered":"Carbon Group Elements &#8211; Symbol, Atomic Number and Atomic Mass"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_37 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><label for=\"item\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' style='display:block'><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/carbon-group-elements\/#Group_14_Elements\" title=\"Group 14 Elements\">Group 14 Elements<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/carbon-group-elements\/#Carbon_Group_Periodic_Table\" title=\"Carbon Group Periodic Table\">Carbon Group Periodic Table<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/carbon-group-elements\/#Carbon\" title=\"Carbon\">Carbon<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/carbon-group-elements\/#Silicon\" title=\"Silicon\">Silicon<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/carbon-group-elements\/#Germanium\" title=\"Germanium\">Germanium<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/carbon-group-elements\/#Stannum\" title=\"Stannum\">Stannum<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/carbon-group-elements\/#Plumbum\" title=\"Plumbum\">Plumbum<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/carbon-group-elements\/#Flerovium\" title=\"Flerovium\">Flerovium<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Group_14_Elements\"><\/span>Group 14 Elements<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Group 14 elements are elements in the periodic table that are in the group 14 column. These elements are carbon, silicon, germanium, tin, and lead. These elements are all in the carbon family and are all solid at room temperature. They all have four valence electrons and are all semiconductors.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-149459 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/carbon-group-elements-symbol-atomic-number-and-atomic-mass.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"606\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/carbon-group-elements-symbol-atomic-number-and-atomic-mass.jpg?v=1647838387 606w, https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/carbon-group-elements-symbol-atomic-number-and-atomic-mass-300x212.jpg?v=1647838387 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Carbon_Group_Periodic_Table\"><\/span>Carbon Group Periodic Table<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The carbon group of the periodic table consists of carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), and flerovium (Fl). These elements are all located in the p-block of the periodic table.<\/p>\n<p>Carbon is a very versatile element and is found in all organic molecules. Silicon is the most abundant element in the Earth&#8217;s crust and is used in the manufacture of semiconductors. Germanium is a semiconductor and is used in optical fibers. Tin is used in alloys such as bronze and pewter. Lead is a soft metal and is used in lead-acid batteries. Flerovium is a synthetic element that has not yet been found in nature.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Carbon\"><\/span>Carbon<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Carbon is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is a nonmetal with a blue-black metallic luster. Carbon is the 15th most abundant element in the universe and the 4th most abundant element in the Earth&#8217;s crust. Carbon is an important part of all known life, and is the basis of organic chemistry.<\/p>\n<p>The physical and chemical properties of carbon vary widely with the allotropes of carbon. The three most common allotropes of carbon are diamond, graphite, and amorphous carbon. Diamond is the hardest naturally occurring substance known, with a Vickers hardness of 10,000 N\/m2. Graphite is the most widely used industrial mineral, with a hardness of 2\u20132.5 on the Mohs scale and a density of 2.3 g\/cm3. Amorphous carbon is the least dense solid form of carbon, with a density of about 1.3 g\/cm3.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Silicon\"><\/span>Silicon<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Valley is a term that is used to describe the area in California that is home to many technology companies. The term was first used in the early 1990s and has since become a global phenomenon. Silicon Valley is located in the southern San Francisco Bay Area and is made up of the cities of San Jose, Santa Clara, Sunnyvale, and Milpitas. The region is known for its high concentration of technology companies, venture capitalists, and startup companies.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Germanium\"><\/span>Germanium<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In semiconductors, the concentration of dopant atoms alters the material&#8217;s electrical characteristics. For example, adding arsenic (As) to silicon (Si) creates an n-type semiconductor, because arsenic has five valence electrons and can donate them to the silicon crystal. This creates a negatively charged channel along which electrons can flow, making the material an excellent conductor of electricity. Conversely, adding boron (B) to silicon creates a p-type semiconductor, because boron has only three valence electrons and can accept them from the silicon crystal. This creates a positively charged channel along which electrons cannot flow, making the material an excellent insulator.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Stannum\"><\/span>Stannum<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>is a chemical element with the symbol Sn and atomic number 50. It is a silvery-white, malleable, ductile metal.<\/p>\n<p>Stannum is not found free in nature, but it is often found in the minerals stannite, cassiterite, and columbite.<\/p>\n<p>Stannum was first isolated by the alchemist J\u0101bir ibn Hayy\u0101n in the 8th century.<\/p>\n<p>Stannum is used in a variety of alloys, including pewter, brass, and bronze. It is also used in the production of coins.<\/p>\n<p>Stannum has a melting point of 621.5 \u00b0C and a boiling point of 2,625 \u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>The element is named for the Latin word for tin, stannum.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Plumbum\"><\/span>Plumbum<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Lead.<\/p>\n<p>In the mineral kingdom, lead is commonly found in sulfide ores such as galena (PbS), anglesite (PbSO4), and cerussite (PbCO3). These ores are usually found in association with other metals such as zinc, silver, and copper.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Flerovium\"><\/span>Flerovium<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Flerovium is a synthetic element with the symbol Fl and atomic number 114. It is a radioactive metal that is produced artificially in nuclear reactors.<\/p>\n<p>Flerovium was first synthesized in 1998 by a team of Russian scientists at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna.<\/p>\n<p>Flerovium is a member of the actinide series of elements. It is a very heavy metal with a density of about 27 g\/cm3. Flerovium is a silvery-white metal that is highly radioactive and melts at about 2900\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<p>The most stable isotope of flerovium is Fl-289, which has a half-life of about 2.6 minutes. All other isotopes of flerovium are radioactive and have short half-lives.<\/p>\n<p>Flerovium is not found naturally on Earth. It is produced artificially in nuclear reactors.<\/p>\n<p>Flerovium is used in research and development work on new types of nuclear weapons.<\/p>\n<p>Flerovium is highly radioactive and is a health and safety hazard.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Group 14 Elements Group 14 elements are elements in the periodic table that are in the group 14 column. These [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Carbon Group Elements - Symbol, Atomic Number and Atomic Mass","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Learn about carbon group elements topic of Chemistry in detail explained by subject experts on infinitylearn.com. 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