{"id":150406,"date":"2022-03-21T11:25:04","date_gmt":"2022-03-21T05:55:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/alkanes-types-properties-and-structural-formula\/"},"modified":"2022-03-21T11:25:04","modified_gmt":"2022-03-21T05:55:04","slug":"alkanes-types-properties-and-structural-formula","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/alkanes\/","title":{"rendered":"Alkanes &#8211; Types, Properties, and Structural Formula"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_37 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><label for=\"item\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' style='display:block'><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/alkanes\/#What_Are_Alkanes_List_Of_Different_Alkanes\" title=\"What Are Alkanes?  ; List Of Different Alkanes  ;\">What Are Alkanes?  ; List Of Different Alkanes  ;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/alkanes\/#Hydrocarbons\" title=\"Hydrocarbons\">Hydrocarbons<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/alkanes\/#Long_Chain_Alkane_Molecules\" title=\"Long Chain Alkane Molecules\">Long Chain Alkane Molecules<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/alkanes\/#Physical_Properties_Of_Alkanes\" title=\"Physical Properties Of Alkanes\">Physical Properties Of Alkanes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/alkanes\/#Alkane_Structural_Formula\" title=\"Alkane Structural Formula\">Alkane Structural Formula<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/alkanes\/#What_Is_The_Formula_Of_Alkane\" title=\"What Is The Formula Of Alkane?\">What Is The Formula Of Alkane?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/alkanes\/#Alkane_Formula_For_Branched_Chains\" title=\"Alkane Formula For Branched Chains\">Alkane Formula For Branched Chains<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/chemistry\/alkanes\/#Example_Questions\" title=\"Example Questions\">Example Questions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2>What Are Alkanes?  ; List Of Different Alkanes  ;<\/h2>\n<p>Alkane Properties<\/p>\n<p>Alkanes are hydrocarbons that have the general chemical formula C n H 2n+2 . Alkanes are composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms and are the simplest type of hydrocarbons.<\/p>\n<p>There are a variety of different alkanes, each with unique properties. Some of the most common alkanes include methane, ethane, propane, and butane. Alkanes are generally colorless, odorless, and non-toxic. They are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.<\/p>\n<p>Alkanes are relatively non-reactive and are not very flammable. However, they can be combustible when in contact with a flame or spark. Alkanes are used in a variety of applications, including as fuel for vehicles and heating, as raw materials for manufacturing, and as solvents.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-150405 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/alkanes-types-properties-and-structural-formula.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"606\" height=\"428\" srcset=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/alkanes-types-properties-and-structural-formula.jpg?v=1647842099 606w, https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/alkanes-types-properties-and-structural-formula-300x212.jpg?v=1647842099 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hydrocarbons\"><\/span>Hydrocarbons<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Hydrocarbons are molecules composed only of hydrogen and carbon. They are the simplest possible organic molecules and are the building blocks for all other organic molecules. There are many different types of hydrocarbons, each with unique properties. Some hydrocarbons, such as methane, are gases, while others, such as octane, are liquids. Hydrocarbons are found in nature in both fossil fuels and in renewable resources such as plants.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Long_Chain_Alkane_Molecules\"><\/span>Long Chain Alkane Molecules<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Each carbon atom in an alkane molecule is bonded to four other atoms. The simplest alkane is methane, CH 4 . In methane, each carbon atom is bonded to one hydrogen atom. The next simplest alkane is ethane, C 2 H 6 . In ethane, each carbon atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms. The bonds between the carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms are called covalent bonds.<\/p>\n<p>In a long chain alkane molecule, the carbon atoms are arranged in a chain. The simplest long chain alkane molecule is propane, C 3 H 8 . In propane, the carbon atoms are arranged in a chain with three hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon atom. The next simplest long chain alkane molecule is butane, C 4 H 10 . In butane, the carbon atoms are arranged in a chain with four hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon atom. The bonds between the carbon atoms and the hydrogen atoms are covalent bonds.<\/p>\n<p>The carbon atoms in an alkane molecule are held together by covalent bonds. The covalent bonds are strong and hold the carbon atoms in a fixed position. The carbon atoms can only rotate around the covalent bonds. This means that the long chain alkane molecules can only rotate around the covalent bonds. They cannot move up and down or sideways.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Physical_Properties_Of_Alkanes\"><\/span>Physical Properties Of Alkanes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The physical properties of alkanes depend on the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Alkanes with fewer than four carbon atoms are gases. Alkanes with more than four carbon atoms are liquids or solids. Alkanes are nonpolar, so they are not soluble in water.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alkane_Structural_Formula\"><\/span>Alkane Structural Formula<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The structural formula of an alkane is a simple representation of the molecule&#8217;s connectivity. It shows the atoms of the alkane and the bonds between them. The carbons are shown as circles, and the hydrogens are shown as dots.<\/p>\n<p>In the structural formula for methane, CH 4 , the four carbons are connected by single bonds, and the hydrogens are connected to the carbons by single bonds.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_Is_The_Formula_Of_Alkane\"><\/span>What Is The Formula Of Alkane?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The molecular formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alkane_Formula_For_Branched_Chains\"><\/span>Alkane Formula For Branched Chains<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The alkane formula for branched chains is CnH2n+2.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Example_Questions\"><\/span>Example Questions<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>1. What is the difference between a cation and an anion?<\/p>\n<p>Cations are positively charged ions, while anions are negatively charged ions. Cations are formed when an atom loses one or more electrons, while anions are formed when an atom gains one or more electrons.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What Are Alkanes? ; List Of Different Alkanes ; Alkane Properties Alkanes are hydrocarbons that have the general chemical formula [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Alkanes - Types, Properties, and Structural Formula","_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Learn about Alkanes topic of chemistry in details explained by subject experts on infinitylearn.com. 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