{"id":27521,"date":"2022-01-17T18:31:36","date_gmt":"2022-01-17T13:01:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/?p=27521"},"modified":"2022-04-25T23:34:38","modified_gmt":"2022-04-25T18:04:38","slug":"some-natural-phenomena-class-8-notes-science-chapter-15","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/study-materials\/some-natural-phenomena\/class-8\/notes-science\/chapter-15\/","title":{"rendered":"Some Natural Phenomena Class 8 Notes Science Chapter 15"},"content":{"rendered":"

Some objects can be charged by rubbing with other objects.<\/p>\n

Static Electricity:<\/strong> The chemical charge generated by rubbing is called static electricity because these charges do not transmit.<\/p>\n

There are two types of charges-positive charge and negative charge.<\/p>\n

When we rub two objects, made of different substances, together the charge they acquire are opposite to each other.<\/p>\n

Electric Current:<\/strong> When charges move they constitute an electric current.<\/p>\n

Earthing:<\/strong> The process of transfer of charges from a charged object to the Earth is called earthing.<\/p>\n

Earthing is provided in electrical wiring in buildings to protect us from electrical shocks, in case of any leakage of electrical current.<\/p>\n

The process of an electric discharge between clouds and the earth or between different clouds causes lightning.<\/p>\n

A lightning strike could destroy life and property.<\/p>\n

Lightning conductors can protect buildings from the effects of lightning.<\/p>\n

An earthquake is a sudden shaking or trembling of the Earth.<\/p>\n

Earthquake is caused by a disturbance deep inside the Earth\u2019s crust.<\/p>\n

It is not possible to predict the occurrence of an earthquake.<\/p>\n

Earthquakes tend to occur at the boundaries of Earth\u2019s plates. These boundaries are known as fault zones.<\/p>\n

The destructive energy of an earthquake is measured on the Richter scale. The earthquake measuring 7 or more on the Richter scale can cause severe damage to life and property.<\/p>\n

Crust:<\/strong> Crust is the uppermost layer of Earth\u2019s surface (8 km \u2013 32 km).<\/p>\n

Electric discharge:<\/strong> When negative charges from the clouds and positive charges on the ground meet, a huge amount of energy is produced as bright light and sound, which we see as lightning. The process is called electric discharge.<\/p>\n

Earth\u2019s Plates:<\/strong> The outermost layer of the earth is not in one piece. It is fragmented. Each fragment is called a plate.<\/p>\n

Earthquake:<\/strong> An earthquake is a sudden shaking or trembling of the Earth. It is caused by a disturbance deep inside the earth\u2019s crust (i.e., by the movement of Earth\u2019s plates).<\/p>\n

Electroscope:<\/strong> An electroscope is a device used to test whether an object is carrying a charge or not.<\/p>\n

Lightning:<\/strong> The process of an electric discharge between clouds and the Earth or between different clouds causes lightning.<\/p>\n

Lightning Rod:<\/strong> A lightning rod is a device used to secure tall buildings from the effect of lightning conductors. A metallic rod taller than the height of the building is installed in the walls of the building during its construction to protect it from the effect of lightning.<\/p>\n

Negative Charge:<\/strong> When the charge of an object is due to the excess of electrons, it is called a negative charge.<\/p>\n

Positive Charge:<\/strong> When the charge of an object is due to the loss of electrons, it is called a positive charge.<\/p>\n

Richter Scale:<\/strong> The power of an earthquake is expressed in terms of magnitudes on a scale called the Richter Scale.<\/p>\n

Seismograph:<\/strong> The seismic waves are recorded by an instrument in the form of a graph called the seismograph.<\/p>\n

Thunder:<\/strong> The loud noise which accompanies lightning.<\/p>\n

Thunderstorm:<\/strong> A storm accompanied by thunder and lightning.<\/p>\n

Transfer of Charge:<\/strong> Electrical charge can be transferred from a charged object to another through a metal conductor.<\/p>\n

Tsunami:<\/strong> Earthquakes may cause tsunamis in oceans, resulting in huge damage in coastal areas.<\/p>\n

Tremor:<\/strong> Trembling or shaking of the Earth.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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