{"id":39543,"date":"2022-01-12T21:01:52","date_gmt":"2022-01-12T15:31:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/?p=39543"},"modified":"2022-02-04T19:41:43","modified_gmt":"2022-02-04T14:11:43","slug":"cbse-previous-year-question-papers-class-12-physics-2013-outside-delhi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/stud-material\/previous-year-question-papers\/class-12\/physics-2013-outside-delhi\/","title":{"rendered":"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_37 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><label for=\"item\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' style='display:block'><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/stud-material\/previous-year-question-papers\/class-12\/physics-2013-outside-delhi\/#CBSE_Previous_Year_Question_Papers_Class_12_Physics_2013_Outside_Delhi_Set-I\" title=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-I\">CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-I<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/stud-material\/previous-year-question-papers\/class-12\/physics-2013-outside-delhi\/#CBSE_Previous_Year_Question_Papers_Class_12_Physics_2013_Outside_Delhi_Set-II\" title=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-II\">CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-II<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/stud-material\/previous-year-question-papers\/class-12\/physics-2013-outside-delhi\/#CBSE_Previous_Year_Question_Papers_Class_12_Physics_2013_Outside_Delhi_Set-III\" title=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-III\">CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-III<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Previous_Year_Question_Papers_Class_12_Physics_2013_Outside_Delhi_Set-I\"><\/span>CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-I<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Question 1.<br \/>\nTwo charges of magnitudes -2Q and +Q are located at point (a, 0) and (4a, 0) respectively. What is the electric flux due to these charges through a sphere of radius \u20183a\u2019 with its center at the origin ?<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nGauss\u2019s theorem states that the electric flux through a closed surface enclosing a charge<br \/>\nis equal to \\(\\frac{1}{\\varepsilon_{0}}\\) times the magnitude of the charge enclosed. The sphere encloses a charge of -2Q thus \\(\\phi=\\frac{2 \\mathrm{Q}}{\\varepsilon_{0}}\\)<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127568\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-1.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 1\" width=\"215\" height=\"168\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Question 2.<br \/>\nHow does the mutual inductance of a pairs of coils change when<br \/>\n(i) distance between the coils is increased and<br \/>\n(ii) number of turns in the coils is increased ? [1]\nAnswer :<br \/>\n(i) As \u03a6 = MI, with the increase in the distance between the coils, the magnetic flux linked with the stationary coil decreases and hence the mutual inductance of the two coils will decrease.<br \/>\n(ii) Mutual inductance of two coils can be found out by<br \/>\nM = \u03bc<sub>0<\/sub> n<sub>1 <\/sub>n<sub>2<\/sub> AI<br \/>\ni.e., M \u221d n<sub>1 <\/sub>n<sub>2<\/sub> so with the increase in number of turns, mutual inductance increases. turns mutual inductance increases.<\/p>\n<p>Question 3.<br \/>\nThe graph shown in the figure represents a plot of current versus voltage for given semiconductor. Identify the region, if any, over which the semiconductor has a negative resistance. [1]\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127570\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-2.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 2\" width=\"194\" height=\"172\" \/><br \/>\nAnswer :<br \/>\nResistance of a material can be found out by the slope of the V-I curve. Part BC of the curve shows the negative resistance as with the increase in voltage, current decreases.<\/p>\n<p>Question 4.<br \/>\nTwo identical cells, each of emf E , having negligible internal resistance, are connected in parallel with each other across an external resistance R. What is the current through this resistance ? [1]\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127571\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-3.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 3\" width=\"186\" height=\"182\" \/><br \/>\nAnswer :<br \/>\nThe cells are arranged as shown in the circuit diagram. As the internal resistance is negligible,<br \/>\nso total resistance of the circuit = R.<br \/>\nSo, current through the resistance, I = E\/R.<\/p>\n<p>Question 5.<br \/>\nThe motion of copper plate is damped when it is allowed to oscillate between the two poles of a magnet. What is the cause of this damping ? [1]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nAs the copper plates oscillate in the magnetic field between the two poles of the magnet, there is a continuous change of magnetic flux linked with the copper plate. Due to this, eddy currents are set up in the copper plate which try to oppose the motion of the plate according to the Lenz\u2019s law and finally bring it to rest.<\/p>\n<p>Question 6.<br \/>\nDefine the activity of a given radioactive substance. Write its S.I. unit. [1]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nActivity of a radioactive substance is defined as number of radioactive disintegrations taking place in one second in the sample.<br \/>\nS. I. unit of activity is Becquerel (Bq).<br \/>\n1 Becquerel = 1 Bq = 1 decay per second.<\/p>\n<p>Question 7.<br \/>\nWelders wear special goggles or face masks with glass windows to protect their eyes from electromagnetic radiations. Name the radiations and write the range of their frequency. [1]\nAnswer:<br \/>\nWelders wear special goggles with glass windows to protect the eyes from ultraviolet rays (UV rays). The range of frequency of UV rays is 8 x 10<sup>14 <\/sup>Hz to 3 x 10<sup>16 <\/sup>Hz.<\/p>\n<p>Question 8.<br \/>\nWrite the expression for the de-Broglie wavelength associated with a charged particle having charge \u2018q\u2019 and mass \u2018m\u2019, when it is accelerated by a potential V. [1]\nAnswer:<br \/>\nLet v be the velocity gained by the given charge particle when it is accelerated through a potential difference of \u2018V\u2019 volts.<br \/>\nKinetic energy of the particle \\(=\\frac{1}{2} m v^{2}\\)<br \/>\nKinetic energy of the particle = Work done on the particle by electric field.<br \/>\n\\(\\begin{aligned} \\therefore \\quad \\frac{1}{2} m v^{2} &amp;=q \\mathrm{V} \\\\ \\frac{p^{2}}{2 m} &amp;=q \\mathrm{V} \\\\ p &amp;=\\sqrt{2 m q \\mathrm{V}} \\end{aligned}\\)<br \/>\nde-Broglie wavelength (\u03bb,) associated with the particle,<br \/>\n\\(\\lambda=\\frac{h}{p}=\\frac{h}{\\sqrt{2 m q V}}\\)<\/p>\n<p>Question 9.<br \/>\nDraw a typical output characteristics of an n-p-n transistor in CE configuration. Show how these characteristics can be used to determine output resistance. [1]\n<p>Question 10.<br \/>\nA parallel beam of light of 500 nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1 m away. It is observed that the first minimum is at a distance of 2.5 mm from the center of the screen. Calculate the width of the slit. [5]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nThe distance of the n<sup>th<\/sup> minimum from the center of the screen is, \\(x_{n}=\\frac{n \\mathrm{D} \\lambda}{a}\\)<\/p>\n<p>Where, D = distance of slit from screen = 1 m<br \/>\n\u03bb = wavelength of the light = 500 x 10<sup>-9 <\/sup>m<br \/>\na = width of the slit<br \/>\nFor first minimum, n = 1<br \/>\nThus,  \\(\\begin{aligned} 2.5 \\times 10^{-3} &amp;=\\frac{1(1)\\left(500 \\times 10^{-9}\\right)}{a} \\\\ a &amp;=2 \\times 10^{-4} \\mathrm{m} \\\\ a &amp;=0.2 \\mathrm{mm} \\end{aligned}\\)<\/p>\n<p>Question 11.<br \/>\nA slab of material of dielectric constant K has the same area as that of the plates of a parallel plate capacitor but has the thickness d\/2, where d is the separation between the plates. Find out the expression for its capacitance when the slab is inserted between the plates of the capacitor. [2]\nAnswer:<br \/>\nInitially when there is vacuum between the two plates, the capacitance of the two parallel plate is<br \/>\n\\(\\mathrm{C}_{0}=\\frac{\\varepsilon_{0} \\mathrm{A}}{d}\\)<br \/>\nWhere, A is the area of parallel plates.<br \/>\nSuppose that the capacitor is connected to a battery, an electric field Eo is produced.<br \/>\nNow, if we insert the dielectric slab of thickness<br \/>\nt = d\/2 the electric field reduces to E.<br \/>\nNow, the gap between plates is divided in two parts, for distance t there is electric field E and for the remaining distance (d -t) the electric field is E<sub>0<\/sub><br \/>\nIf V is the potential difference between the plates of the capacitor, then V = Et + E<sub>0<\/sub> (d-t).<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127572\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-4.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 4\" width=\"366\" height=\"361\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 12.<br \/>\nA capacitor, made of two parallel plates each of plate area A and separation d, being charged by an external ac source. Show that the displacement current inside the capacitor is same as the current charging the capacitor. [2]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nLet the alternating emf charging the plates of capacitor be E = E<sub>0<\/sub> sin \u03c9t.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127573\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-5.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 5\" width=\"371\" height=\"440\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127574\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-6.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 6\" width=\"270\" height=\"120\" \/><br \/>\nFrom equations (i) and (ii), the displacement current inside the capacitor is same as the current charging the capacitor.<\/p>\n<p>Question 13.<br \/>\nExplain the term \u2018drift velocity\u2019 of electrons in a conductor. Hence obtain the expression for the current through a conductor in terms of \u2018drift velocity\u2019. [3]\nOR<br \/>\nDescribe briefly, with the help of a circuit diagram, how a potentiometer is used to determine the internal resistance of a cell.<br \/>\nAnswer :<br \/>\nDrift velocity of electrons in a conductor : Metals contain a large number of free electrons. These electrons are in continuous random motion. Due to the random motion, the free electrons collide with positive metal ions with high frequency and undergo change in direction at each collision. So the average velocity for the electrons in a conductor is zero. Now, when this conductor is connected to a source of emf, an electric field is established in the conductor, such that<br \/>\n\\(\\mathrm{E}=\\frac{\\mathrm{V}}{\\mathrm{L}}\\)<br \/>\nWhere, V = potential difference across the conductor and,<br \/>\nL = length of the conductor.<br \/>\nThe electric field exerts an electrostatic force \u2018-Ee\u2019 on each free electron in the conductor. The acceleration of each electron is given by<br \/>\n\\(\\vec{a}=-\\frac{e \\overrightarrow{\\mathrm{E}}}{m}\\)<br \/>\nWhere, e = electric charge on the electron and<br \/>\nm = mass of electron.<br \/>\nThe negative sign indicates the force and hence the acceleration is in a direction opposite to the direction of the electric field. Due to this acceleration, the electrons attain a velocity in addition to thermal velocity in the direction opposite to that of electric field. The average velocity of all the free electrons in the conductor is called the drift velocity of free electrons of the conductor.<br \/>\nThus, the expression for the drift velocity in electric field (E)<br \/>\n\\(\\vec{v}=\\frac{e \\overrightarrow{\\mathrm{E}}}{m} \\tau\\) \u2026\u2026\u2026. (i)<br \/>\nWhere T= relaxation time between two successive collision,<br \/>\nLet n = number density of electrons in the conductor.<br \/>\nNo. of free electrons in the conductor = nAL<sub>e<\/sub><br \/>\nTotal charge on the conductor, q = nALe. Time taken by this charge to cover the length L of the conductor,<br \/>\n\\(\\begin{aligned} t &amp;=\\frac{\\mathrm{L}}{v_{d}} \\\\ \\text { Current } \\quad &amp; \\mathrm{I}=\\frac{q}{t} \\\\ &amp;=\\frac{n \\mathrm{AL} e}{\\mathrm{L}} \\times v_{d} \\\\ &amp;=n \\mathrm{Aev}_{d} \\end{aligned}\\)<br \/>\nOR<br \/>\nMeasurement of internal resistance of a cell using potentiometer is shown in figure. The cell of emf, E is connected across a resistance box (R) through key K<sub>2<\/sub> .<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127575\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-7.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 7\" width=\"281\" height=\"193\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127576\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-8.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 8\" width=\"370\" height=\"442\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127577\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-9.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 9\" width=\"326\" height=\"133\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 14.<br \/>\nA convex lens of focal length f<sub>1<\/sub> is kept in contact with a concave lens of focal length f<sub>2<\/sub> . Find the focal length of the combination. [2]\nAnswer:<br \/>\nFor convex lens, focal length, f = f<sub>1<\/sub> and for concave lens, the focal length,f= \u2013 f<sub>2<\/sub><br \/>\nThe equivalent focal length of a combination of convex lens and concave lens is given as :<\/p>\n<p>Question 15.<br \/>\nIn the block diagram of a simple modulator for obtaining an AM signal, shown in the figure, identify the boxes A and B. Write their functions. [2]\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127580\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-11.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 11\" width=\"367\" height=\"119\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 16.<br \/>\nIn the circuit shown in the figure, identify the equivalent gate of the circuit and make its truth table.  [2]\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127581\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-12.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 12\" width=\"308\" height=\"104\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 17.<br \/>\n(a) For a given a.c., i = i<sub>m<\/sub> sin \u03c9t show that the average power dissipated in a resistor R over a complete cycle is<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127582\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-13.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 13\" width=\"62\" height=\"53\" \/><br \/>\n(b) A light bulb is rated at 100 W for a 220 V a.c. supply. Calculate the resistance of the bulb. [2]\nAnswer:<br \/>\n(a) The average power dissipated<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127583\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-14.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 14\" width=\"365\" height=\"244\" \/><br \/>\n(b) Power of the bulb, P = 100 W and voltage, V= 220 V.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127584\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-15.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 15\" width=\"108\" height=\"134\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Question 18.<br \/>\nA rectangular conductor LM bfO is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.5 T. The field is directed perpendicular to the plane of the conductor. When the arm MN of length of 20 cm is moved towards left with a velocity of 10 ms-1, calculate the emf induced in the arm. Given the resistance of the arm to be 5 \u2126 (assuming that other arms are of negligible resistance) find the value of the current in the arm. [2]\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127585\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-16.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 16\" width=\"273\" height=\"205\" \/><br \/>\nA wheel with 8 metallic spokes each 50 cm long is rotated with a speed of 120 rev\/min in a plane normal to the horizontal component of the Earth\u2019s magnetic field. The Earth\u2019s magnetic field at the place is 0.4 G and the angle of dip is 60\u00b0. Calculate the emf induced between the axle and the rim of the wheel. How will the value of emf be affected if the number of spokes were increased ?<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nLet ON be x at same instant the emf induced in the loop = e.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127586\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-17.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 17\" width=\"365\" height=\"297\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127587\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-18.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 18\" width=\"366\" height=\"248\" \/><br \/>\nThe value of emf induced is independent of the number of spokes as the emf across the spokes are in parallel. So, the emf will be unaffected with the increase in spokes.<\/p>\n<p>Question 19.<br \/>\nDefine the current sensitivity of a galvanometer. Write S.I. unit. Figure shows two circuits each having a galvanometer and a battery of 3 V. When the galvanometers in each arrangement do not show any deflection, obtain the ratio R1\/R2. [2]\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127588\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-19.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 19\" width=\"288\" height=\"203\" \/><br \/>\nAnswer :<br \/>\nCurrent sensitivity of a galvanometer is defined as the deflection in galvanometer per unit current. Its SI unit is radians\/ampere.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127589\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-20.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 20\" width=\"128\" height=\"190\" \/><br \/>\nFor balanced Wheatstone bridge, there will. _ no deflection in the galvanometer.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127590\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-21.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 21\" width=\"154\" height=\"101\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127591\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-22.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 22\" width=\"328\" height=\"194\" \/><br \/>\nFor the equivalent circuit, when the Wheatstone bridge is balanced, there will be no deflection in the galvanometer.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127592\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-23.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 23\" width=\"210\" height=\"187\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 20.<br \/>\nA wire AB is carrying a steady current 12 A and is lying on the table. Another wire CD carrying 5 A is held directly above AB at a height of 1 mm. Find the mass per unit length of the wire CD so that it remains suspended at its position when left free. Give the direction of the current flowing in CD with respect to that in AB. [Take the value of g = 10 ms<sup>-2<\/sup>]. [2]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nForce per unit length between the current carrying wires is given as :<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127593\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-24.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 24\" width=\"372\" height=\"320\" \/><br \/>\nThe direction of current in CD is opposite to the direction of current AB. because in this they will repel each other and CD will remain suspended.<\/p>\n<p>Question 21.<br \/>\nDraw V-I characteristics of a p-n junction diode. Answer the following questions, giving reasons:<br \/>\n(i) Why is the current under reverse bias almost independent of the applied potential up to a critical voltage ?<br \/>\n(ii) Why does the reverse current show a sudden increase at the critical voltage ?<br \/>\nName any semiconductor device which operates under the reverse bias in the breakdown region. [3]\nAnswer:<br \/>\nV-I characteristics of p-n junction diode:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127594\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-25.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 25\" width=\"334\" height=\"327\" \/><br \/>\n(i) Under the reverse bias condition, the holes of p-side are attracted towards the negative terminal of the battery and the electrons of the n-side are attracted towards the positive terminal of the battery. This increases the depletion layer and the potential barrier. However the minority charge carriers are drifted across the junction producing a small current. At any temperature the number of minority carriers is constant and very small so there is the small current at any applied potential. This is the reason for the current under reverse bias to be almost independent of applied potential. At the critical voltage, avalanche break down takes place which results in a sudden flow of large current.<\/p>\n<p>(ii) At the critical voltage, the holes in the n-side and conduction electrons in the p-side are accelerated due to the reverse-bias voltage. These minority carriers acquire sufficient kinetic energy from the electric field and collide with valence electrons. Thus, the bond is finally broken and the valence electrons move into the conduction band resulting in enormous flow of electrons and thus result in formation of hole-electron pairs. Thus, there is a sudden increase in the current at the critical voltage.<br \/>\nZener diode is a semiconductor device which operates under the reverse bias condition in the breakdown region.<\/p>\n<p>Question 22.<br \/>\nDraw a labelled ray diagram of a refracting telescope. Define its magnifying power and write the expression for it.<br \/>\nWrite two important limitations of a refracting telescope over a reflecting type telescope. [3]\nAnswer:<br \/>\nRefracting telescope :<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127596\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-26.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 26\" width=\"359\" height=\"220\" \/><br \/>\nMagnifying power : The magnifying power is the ratio of the angle (3 subtended at the eye by the final image to the angle a which the object subtends at the lens or the eye.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127597\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-27.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 27\" width=\"193\" height=\"52\" \/><br \/>\nLimitations of refracting telescope over reflecting type telescope:<br \/>\n(i) Refracting telescope suffers from chromatic aberration as it uses large sized lenses.<br \/>\n(ii) The requirement of big lenses tend to be very heavy and therefore, difficult to make and support by their edges.<\/p>\n<p>Question 23.<br \/>\nWrite Einstein\u2019s photoelectric equation and point out any two characteristic properties of photons on which this equation is based.<br \/>\nBriefly explain the three observed features which can be explained by this equation. [4]\nAnswer:<br \/>\nEinstein\u2019s photoelectric effect equation:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127598\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-28.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 28\" width=\"304\" height=\"82\" \/><br \/>\nThe two characteristics properties of the photon on which this equation is based :<br \/>\n(i) The light travel in the form of photons i.e. small packet of energy and each photon has energy hv.<br \/>\n(ii) Each photon interact with one electron. Three observed features that can be explained by this equation.<br \/>\n(i) When v &lt; v<sub>0<\/sub>, K<sub>max<\/sub> becomes negative. The negative value of K.\/E. has no physical significance. Hence, no photoelectric effect is possible below threshold frequency.<br \/>\n(ii) When v &gt; v<sub>0<\/sub>\/ K<sub>max<\/sub> \u221d v, i.e. max. K.E. of the emitted photo electrons depends linearly on the frequency of incident radiations.<br \/>\n(iii) It is clear from the photoelectric equation that the maximum K.E. of photo electrons is independent of intensity of incident reactions.<\/p>\n<p>Question 24.<br \/>\nName the type of waves which are used for line of sight (LOS) communication. What is the range of their frequencies ?<br \/>\nA transmitting antenna at the top of a tower has a height of 20 m and the height of the receiving antenna is 45 m. Calculate the maximum distance between them for satisfactory communication in LOS mode. (Radius of the Earth = 6.4 x 10<sup>6<\/sup>m) [5]\n<p>Question 25.<br \/>\n(a) What is linearly polarized light. Describe briefly using a diagram how sunlight is polarized.<br \/>\n(b) Unpolarised light is incident on a Polaroid. How would the intensity of transmitted light change when the Polaroid is rotated ? [5]\nAnswer:<br \/>\n(a) The light in which the vibrations of electric vector are restricted to a particular plane, is called plane polarized light.<\/p>\n<p>The incident sunlight is unpolarised. The dot and double arrows show the polarization in the perpendicular and in the plane of the figure respectively. Under the influence of the electric field of the incident wave, the electrons in the molecules of the atmosphere acquire components of motion in both these directions. For an observer looking at 90\u00b0 to the direction of the sun, the charges accelerating parallel to the double arrows do not radiate energy towards this observer since their acceleration has no transverse component. The radiation scattered by the molecule is therefore, represented by dots. It is linearly polarized light perpendicular to the plane of the figure.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127599\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-29.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 29\" width=\"296\" height=\"231\" \/><br \/>\n(b) If the unpolarised light is incident on a Polaroid, the intensity is reduced by half. Even if the Polaroid is rotated by angle \u03b8 the average<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127600\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-30.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 30\" width=\"365\" height=\"126\" \/><br \/>\nThus, the intensity of the transmitted light remains unchanged when the Polaroid is rotated.<\/p>\n<p>Question 26.<br \/>\nOne day Chetan\u2019s mother developed a severe stomach ache all of a sudden. She rushed to the doctor who suggested for an immediate endoscopy test and gave an estimate of expenditure for the same. Chetan immediately contacted his class teacher and shared the information with her. The class teacher arranged for the money and rushed to the hospital. On realizing that Chetan belonged to a below average income group family, even the doctor offered concession for the test fee. The test was conducted successfully. Answer the following questions based on the above information: [5]\n(a) Which principle in optics is made use of in endoscopy ?<br \/>\n(b) Briefly explain the values reflected in the action taken by the teacher.<br \/>\n(c) In what way do you appreciate the response of the doctor on the given situation ?<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\n(a) Endoscopy is based on total internal reflection principle. It has tubes which are made up of optical fibres and are used for transmitting and receiving electrical signals, which are converted into light by suitable transducer.<br \/>\n(c) Doctor gave monetary help to Chetan by understanding his poor financial condition<\/p>\n<p>Question 27.<br \/>\n(a) Using Biot-Savart\u2019s law, derive the expression for the magnetic field in the vector form at a point on the axis of a circular current loop.<br \/>\n(b) What does a toroid consist of ? Find out the expression for the magnetic field inside a toroid for N turns of the coil having the average radius r and carrying a current I. Show that the magnetic field in the open space inside and exterior to the toroid is zero. [5]\nOR<br \/>\n(a) Draw a schematic sketch of a cyclotron. Explain clearly the role of crossed electric and magnetic field in accelerating the charge. Hence derive the expression for the kinetic energy acquired by the particles.<br \/>\n(b) An \u03b1-particle and a photon are released from the center of the cyclotron and made to accelerate.<br \/>\n(i) Can both be accelerated at the same cyclotron frequency ? Give reason to justify your answer.<br \/>\n(ii) When they are accelerated in turn, which of the two will have higher velocity at the exit slit of the dees ?<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\n(a) Magnetic field on the axis of a circular loop<br \/>\nI \u2192 Current<br \/>\nR \u2192 Radii<br \/>\nX \u2192 Axis<br \/>\nx \u2192 Distance of OP<br \/>\ndl \u2192 Conducting element of the loop<br \/>\nAccording to Biot-Savart\u2019s law, the magnetic field at P is<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127601\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-31.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 31\" width=\"363\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p>dB has two components dB<sub>x<\/sub> and dB<sub>y<\/sub>. d.B<sub>y <\/sub>components being in opposite direction cancel out each other and dB<sub>x<\/sub> component being in same direction added up.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127602\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-32.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 32\" width=\"358\" height=\"180\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127603\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-33.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 33\" width=\"362\" height=\"372\" \/><br \/>\n(b) Toroid is a hollow circular ring on which a large number of turns of a wire are closely wound. Figure shows a sectional view of the toroid. The direction of the magnetic field inside is clockwise as per the right-hand thumb rule for circular loops. Three circular Amperian loops 1, 2 and 3 are shown by dashed lines.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127604\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-34.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 34\" width=\"265\" height=\"268\" \/><br \/>\nBy symmetry, the magnetic field should be tangential to each of them and constant in magnitude for a given loop.<br \/>\nLet the magnetic field inside the toroid be B. Then by Ampere\u2019s circuital law,<br \/>\n\\(\\overrightarrow{\\int B} \\cdot \\overrightarrow{d l}=\\mu_{0} I \\Rightarrow B L=\\mu_{0} N I\\)<br \/>\nWhere, L is the length of the loop for which B is tangential, I is the current enclosed by one loop and N is the number of turns.<br \/>\nWe find, L = 2\u03c0r<\/p>\n<p>The current threads the ring as many times are there are turns in the solenoid, therefore total current in the solenoid is NI.<br \/>\n\\(\\mathbf{B}(2 \\pi r)=\\mu_{0} \\mathrm{NI}\\)<br \/>\n\\(\\text { or } \\quad \\mathrm{B}=\\frac{\\mu_{0} \\mathrm{NI}}{2 \\pi r}\\)<br \/>\nOpen space inside the toroid encloses no current thus,<br \/>\nI= 0.<br \/>\nHence, B = 0<br \/>\nOpen space exterior to the toroid :<br \/>\nEach turn of current carrying wire is cut twice by the loop 3. Thus, the current coming out of the plane of the paper is cancelled exactly by the current going into it. Thus,<br \/>\n1= 0, and B = 0<br \/>\nOR<br \/>\n(a) Schematic sketch of cyclotron :<br \/>\nThe combination of crossed electric and magnetic field is used to increase the energy of the charged particle. Cyclotron uses the fact that the frequency of revolution of the charged particle in a magnetic field is independent of its energy. Inside the dees particle is shielded from the electric field and magnetic field acts on the particle and makes it to go round in a circular path. Every time the particle moves from one dee to the other it comes under the influence of electric field which ensures to increase the energy of the particles as the sign of the electric field changed alternately. The increase in energy increases the radius of the circular path so the accelerated particle moves in a spiral path.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127605\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-35.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 35\" width=\"316\" height=\"315\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127606\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-36.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 36\" width=\"373\" height=\"222\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127607\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-37.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 37\" width=\"248\" height=\"164\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127608\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-38.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 38\" width=\"272\" height=\"459\" \/><br \/>\nThus, particles will not exit the dees with same velocity. The velocity of proton is twice the velocity of alpha particle.<\/p>\n<p>Question 28.<br \/>\n(a) Define electric dipole moment. Is it a scalar or a vector ? Derive the expression for the electric field of a dipole at a point on the equatorial plane of the dipole.<br \/>\n(b) Draw the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole. Locate the points where the potential due to the dipole is zero. [5]\nOR<br \/>\nUsing Gauss\u2019 law deduce the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged spherical conducting shell of radius R at a point<br \/>\n(i) outside and<br \/>\n(ii) inside the shell.<br \/>\nPlot a graph showing variation of electric field as a function of r &gt; R and r &lt; R. (r being the distance from the center of the shell)<br \/>\nAnswer :<br \/>\n(a) Electric dipole moment : Electric dipole moment is defined as the product of magnitude of either charges and the distance between the positive and negative charge of the electric dipole. The strength of any electric dipole is measured by the magnitude of its electric dipole moment<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127609\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-39.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 39\" width=\"268\" height=\"80\" \/><br \/>\nIn vector form it is written as \\(\\vec{p}=q \\times \\overrightarrow{2 a}\\) where<br \/>\nthe direction of \\(\\vec{a}\\) is from negative charge to positive charge.<br \/>\nElectric Field of dipole at points on the equatorial plane:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127610\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-40.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 40\" width=\"184\" height=\"199\" \/><br \/>\nLet P be the point on the equatorial plane of the dipole where electric field is to be calculated. Let its distance from either charge be r. The magnitude of the electric field due to the two charges +q and -q at P is given by<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127611\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-41.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 41\" width=\"364\" height=\"269\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127612\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-42.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 42\" width=\"362\" height=\"589\" \/><br \/>\n(b) Equipotential surface due to electric dipole:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127613\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-43.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 43\" width=\"363\" height=\"294\" \/><br \/>\nThe potential due to the dipole is zero at the line bisecting the dipole length.<br \/>\nOR<br \/>\nElectric field due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>When point P lies outside the spherical shell : Consider a spherical shell of radius R and center O. Let q be the charge on the spherical shell. Suppose that we have to calculate electric field at the point P at a distance r (r &gt; R) from its center. Draw the Gaussian surface through point P so as to enclose the charged spherical shell. The Gaussian surface is a spherical shell of radius r and centre O.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127614\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-44.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 44\" width=\"369\" height=\"430\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127615\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-45.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 45\" width=\"369\" height=\"369\" \/><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>When point P lies inside the spherical shell : In such a case the Gaussian surface encloses no charge<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127616\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-46.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 46\" width=\"195\" height=\"200\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127617\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-47.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 47\" width=\"399\" height=\"409\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 29.<br \/>\nUsing Bohr\u2019s postulates, derive the expression for the frequency of radiation emitted when electron in hydrogen atom undergoes transition from higher energy state (quantum number n<sub>i<\/sub>)to the lower state, (n<sub>f<\/sub>).<br \/>\nWhen electron in hydrogen atom jumps from energy state n<sub>i<\/sub> = 4 to n<sub>f<\/sub> = 3, 2, 1, identify the spectral series to which the emission lines belong. [5]\nOR<br \/>\n(a) Draw the plot of binding energy per nucleon (BE\/A) as a function of mass number. Write two important conclusions that can be drawn regarding the nature of nuclear source.<br \/>\n(b) Use this graph to explain the release of energy in both the processes of nuclear fusion and fission.<br \/>\n(c) Write the basic nuclear process of neutron undergoing P-decay. Why is the detection of neutrinos found very difficult ?<br \/>\nAnswer:<br \/>\nIn the hydrogen atom,<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127618\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-48.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 48\" width=\"367\" height=\"302\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127619\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-49.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 49\" width=\"364\" height=\"323\" \/><br \/>\nNow, according to Bohr\u2019s frequency condition when electron in hydrogen atom undergoes transition from higher energy state to the lower energy state (n<sub>f<\/sub>) is,<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127620\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-50.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 50\" width=\"388\" height=\"468\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127621\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-51.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 51\" width=\"316\" height=\"265\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127622\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-52.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 52\" width=\"259\" height=\"28\" \/><br \/>\n(a) Plot of binding energy per nucleon as the function of mass number A is given as below:<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127623\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-53.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 53\" width=\"356\" height=\"190\" \/><br \/>\nFollowing are the two conclusion that can be drawn regarding the nature of the nuclear force:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The force is attractive and strong enough to produce a binding energy of few MeV per nucleon.<\/li>\n<li>The constancy of the binding energy in the range 30 &lt; A &lt; 170 is a consequence of the fact that the nuclear force is short range force.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(b) Nuclear fission : A very heavy nucleus (say, A = 240) has lower binding energy per nucleon as compared to the nucleus with A = 120. Thus, if the heavier nucleus breaks to tire lighter nucleus with high binding energy per nucleon, nucleons are tightly bound. This implies that energy will be released in the process which justifies the energy release in fission reaction.<\/p>\n<p>Nuclear fusion: When two light nuclei (A &lt; 10) are combined to form a heavier nuclei, the binding energy of the fused heavier nuclei is more than the binding energy per nucleon of the lighter nuclei. Thus the final system is more tightly bound than the initial system. Again the energy will be released in fusion reaction.<\/p>\n<p>(c) The basic nuclear process of neutron undergoing (3-decay is given as :<br \/>\n\\(n \\rightarrow p+e^{-}+\\overline{\\mathbf{v}}\\)<br \/>\nNeutrinos are mass less and charge less particles. Neutrinos interact very weakly with matter that it becomes very difficult to detect them. That\u2019s why the detection of neutrinos is found very difficult.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Previous_Year_Question_Papers_Class_12_Physics_2013_Outside_Delhi_Set-II\"><\/span>CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-II<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Note : Except for the following questions, all the remaining questions have been asked in previous Set.<\/p>\n<p>Question 1..<br \/>\nTwo charges of magnitudes -3Q and +2Q are located at points (a, 0) and (4a, 0) respectively. What is the electric flux due to these charges through a sphere of radius \u20185a\u2019 with its center at the origin.  [1]\nAnswer: According to Gauss\u2019 theorem, the electric flux through a closed surface enclosing a charge is equal to \\(\\frac{1}{\\varepsilon_{o}} \\)times the magnitude of the charge enclosed.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127624\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-54.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 54\" width=\"292\" height=\"252\" \/><br \/>\nThe sphere enclose charge = -3Q + 2Q = -Q<br \/>\n\u2234  Total electric flux, \\(\\phi=\\frac{Q}{\\varepsilon_{0}}\\)<\/p>\n<p>Question 2.<br \/>\nA light metal disc on the top of an electromagnet is thrown up as the current is switched on. Why ? Give reason. [2]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nA light metal disc on the top of an electromagnet is thrown up as the current is switched on because when the current flows through the electromagnet, the magnetic flux through the disc increases which leads in setting up an eddy current in the disc in the same direction of the electromagnetic current. So the upper surface of electromagnet and the lower surface of the disc acquire same polarity. Since body with same polarity repels, therefore, the disc is thrown up.<\/p>\n<p>Question 3.<br \/>\nIn the circuit shown in the figure, identify the equivalent gate of the circuit and make its truth table. [2]\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127625\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-55.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 55\" width=\"326\" height=\"176\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 4.<br \/>\nA parallel beam of light of 600 nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1.2 m away. It is observed that the first minimum is at a distance of 3 mm from the centre of the screen. Calculate the width of the slit. [3]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nThe distance of the nth minimum from the centre of the screen is, \\(x_{n}=\\frac{n \\mathrm{D} \\lambda}{a}\\)<br \/>\nwhere, D= distance of slit from screen<br \/>\n\u03bb = wavelength of the light<br \/>\na = width of the slit<br \/>\nFor first minimum, n = 1<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127626\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-56.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 56\" width=\"221\" height=\"289\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 5.<br \/>\nA wire AB is carrying a steady current of 10 A and is lying on the table. Another wire CD canying 6 A is held directly above AB at a height of 2 mm. Find the mass per unit length of the wire CD so that it remains suspended at its position when left free. Give the direction of the current flowing in CD with respect to that in AB. [Take the value of g = 10 ms-2] [3]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nForce per unit length between the current carrying wires is given as :<br \/>\n\\(\\mathbf{F}=\\frac{\\mu_{0}}{4 \\pi} \\frac{2 I_{1} I_{2}}{r}\\)<br \/>\nwhere<br \/>\nThe current in wire AB, I<sub>1 <\/sub>= 10 A<br \/>\nThe current in wire CD, I<sub>2<\/sub> = 6 A<br \/>\nThe distance between wires, r = 2 mm = 2 x 10<sup>-3 <\/sup>m<br \/>\nLet m be the mass per unit length of wire CD.<br \/>\nAs this force balances the weight of the wire CD<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127627\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-57.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 57\" width=\"330\" height=\"173\" \/><br \/>\nThe direction of current in CD w.r.t. AB is opposite (anti parallel) because in this condition both the wires will repel each other.<\/p>\n<p>Question 6.<br \/>\nName the type of waves which are used for line of sight (LOS) communication. What is the range of their frequencies ?<br \/>\nA transmitting antenna at the top of a tower has a height of 45 m and the height of the receiving antenna is 80 m. Calculate the maximum distance between them for satisfactory communication in LOS mode. (Radius of the Earth = 6.4 \u00d7 10<sup>6 <\/sup>m) [4]\n<p>Question 24.<br \/>\n(a) For a given a.c., i = i<sub>m<\/sub> sin \u03c9t, show that the average power dissipated in a resistor R over a complete cycle is \\(\\frac{1}{2} i_{m}^{2} \\mathrm{RR} \\)<br \/>\n(b) A light bulb is rated at 120 W for a 240 V a.c. supply. Calculate the resistance of the bulb. [5]\nAnswer:<br \/>\n(a) The average power dissipated<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127628\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-58.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 58\" width=\"367\" height=\"368\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CBSE_Previous_Year_Question_Papers_Class_12_Physics_2013_Outside_Delhi_Set-III\"><\/span>CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-III<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Note: Except (or the following questions all the remaining question have been asked in previous Sets.<\/p>\n<p>Question 1.<br \/>\nWrite the expression for the de-Broglie wavelength associated with a charged particle having charge \u2018q\u2019 and mass \u2018m\u2019, when it is \u2018 accelerated by a potential V. [1]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nde-Broglie wavelength associated with the particle,<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127629\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-59.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 59\" width=\"152\" height=\"56\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 2.<br \/>\nTwo charges of magnitudes + 4Q and -Q are located at points (a, 0) and (-3a, 0) respectively. What is the electric flux due to these charges through a sphere of radius \u20182a\u2019 with its center at the origin ? [1]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nGauss\u2019s theorem states that the electric flux through a closed surface enclosing<br \/>\na charge is equal to \\(\\frac{1}{\\varepsilon_{0}}\\) times the magnitude of the charge encl0sed.<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127630\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-60.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 60\" width=\"359\" height=\"309\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 3.<br \/>\nIn the circuit shown in the figure, identify the equivalent gate of the circuit and make its truth table. [1]\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127631\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-61.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 61\" width=\"361\" height=\"158\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 4.<br \/>\nA parallel beam of light of 450 nm falls on a narrow slit and the resulting diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1.5 m away. It is observed that the first minimum is at a distance of 3 mm from the center of the screen. Calculate the width of the slit. [2]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nThe distance of the nth minimum from the center of the screen,<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127632\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-62.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 62\" width=\"348\" height=\"374\" \/><br \/>\nQuestion 5.<br \/>\nA wire AB is carrying a steady current of 6 A and is lying on the table. Another wire CD carrying 4 A is held directly above AB at a height of 1 mm. Find the mass per unit length of the wire CD so that it remains suspended at its position when left free. Give the direction of the current flowing in CD with respect to that in AB. [Take the value of g = 10 ms<sup>-2<\/sup>] [3]\nAnswer :<br \/>\nForce per unit length between the current carrying wire is given as :<br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-127633\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/CBSE-Previous-Year-Question-Papers-Class-12-Physics-2013-Outside-Delhi-63.png\" alt=\"CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi 63\" width=\"359\" height=\"274\" \/><br \/>\nThe current in CD is in opposite direction to that in AB than they will repel each other and CD wire remain suspended in air.<\/p>\n<p>Question 6.<br \/>\nA light bulb is rated at 125 W for a 250 V a.c. supply. Calculate the resistance of the bulb. [3]\nAnswer:<br \/>\nPower of the bulb, P = 125 W Voltage,<br \/>\nV = 250 V The resistance of the bulb is given as<br \/>\n\\(R=\\frac { { V }^{ 2 } }{ p } =\\frac { { 250 }^{ 2 } }{ 125 } =500\\Omega \\)<\/p>\n<p>Question 7.<br \/>\nName the type of waves which are used for line of sight (LOS) communication. What is the range of their frequencies ?<br \/>\nA transmitting antenna at the top of a power has a height of 45 m and the receiving antenna is on the ground. Calculate the maximum distance between them for satisfactory communication in LOS mode. (Radius of the Earth = 6.4 x 10<sup>6<\/sup> m) [5]\n<h4><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Physics 2013 Outside Delhi Set-I Question 1. 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