{"id":701266,"date":"2023-12-22T17:31:20","date_gmt":"2023-12-22T12:01:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/?p=701266"},"modified":"2023-12-22T17:38:50","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T12:08:50","slug":"electric-circuits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/","title":{"rendered":"Electric Circuits"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_37 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"display: none;\"><label for=\"item\" aria-label=\"Table of Content\"><span style=\"display: flex;align-items: center;width: 35px;height: 30px;justify-content: center;\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"item\"><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' style='display:block'><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#What_is_a_Circuit\" title=\"What is a Circuit?\">What is a Circuit?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#What_are_Electric_Circuits\" title=\"What are Electric Circuits?\">What are Electric Circuits?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#Schematics_of_the_Electric_Circuit\" title=\"Schematics of the Electric Circuit\">Schematics of the Electric Circuit<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#What_is_an_Integrated_Circuits\" title=\"What is an Integrated Circuits?\">What is an Integrated Circuits?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#History_of_Integrated_Circuits\" title=\"History of Integrated Circuits?\">History of Integrated Circuits?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#How_do_Integrated_Circuits_Work\" title=\"How do Integrated Circuits Work?\">How do Integrated Circuits Work?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#Applications_of_Integrated_Circuits\" title=\"Applications of Integrated Circuits\">Applications of Integrated Circuits<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#Why_do_Circuits_Matter\" title=\"Why do Circuits Matter?\">Why do Circuits Matter?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#Activity_Idea_related_to_Circuits\" title=\"Activity Idea related to Circuits\">Activity Idea related to Circuits<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4'><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#Fun_Facts\" title=\"Fun Facts\">Fun Facts<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#Electric_Circuits_FAQs\" title=\"Electric Circuits FAQs\">Electric Circuits FAQs<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#What_is_a_circuit_called\" title=\"What is a circuit called?\">What is a circuit called?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#What_is_the_word_circuit_all_about\" title=\"What is the word circuit all about?\">What is the word circuit all about?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/#Whats_inside_a_circuit\" title=\"What&#039;s inside a circuit?\">What&#039;s inside a circuit?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Have you ever wondered how your favourite gadgets work? It all starts with a circuit. Let&#8217;s explore a circuit and the fascinating types, primarily electric and integrated circuits.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Also Check: <a href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science Topics for Kids &amp; Students<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_a_Circuit\"><\/span>What is a Circuit?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Imagine a city road map. Just as roads connect various places, a circuit is a pathway connecting different components in electronics. These components can include things like batteries, lights, and switches. The primary purpose of a circuit is to allow electric current (a flow of electrons) to travel from one point to another.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_are_Electric_Circuits\"><\/span>What are Electric Circuits?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Electric circuits are the backbone of most electronic devices. They can be as simple as a flashlight or as complex as a supercomputer. Here are some key points about electric circuits:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Also check: <a href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/mercury-metal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mercury Element<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Components: <\/strong>They typically include a power source (like a battery), conducting wires, and a device that uses electricity (like a light bulb).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Closed vs. Open Circuits: <\/strong>A closed circuit is a complete loop where electricity flows uninterrupted. An open circuit is incomplete, meaning the flow of electricity is stopped \u2013 like when a light switch is turned off.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Types of Electric Circuits: <\/strong>There are mainly two types &#8211; series and parallel. In a series circuit, components are connected end-to-end, so the current has only one path to follow. In a parallel circuit, components are connected across common points, offering multiple paths for the current.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-701272 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/CBSE-34.jpg\" alt=\"Electric Circuit\" width=\"1640\" height=\"924\" srcset=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/CBSE-34.jpg 1640w, https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/CBSE-34-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/CBSE-34-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/CBSE-34-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/CBSE-34-1536x865.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1640px) 100vw, 1640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Schematics_of_the_Electric_Circuit\"><\/span>Schematics of the Electric Circuit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>A schematic is a graphical representation of an electrical circuit. It simplifies understanding how components are interconnected by using standardized symbols for each element, known as schematic symbols.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Also Check: <a href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/nitrogen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science Fact about Nitrogen<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Schematic Symbols: <\/strong>Schematic symbols represent various electronic components used in circuit diagrams.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Series Circuit: <\/strong>In a series circuit, electronic components are connected end-to-end with the power source, forming a single path for current flow. An example is a series of resistors connected in this manner. In such circuits, the current remains constant across all components, but the voltage is distributed among them.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Parallel Circuit: <\/strong>A parallel circuit features components connected across the same two points, creating multiple paths for the current. In these circuits, each component is directly related to the power source, resulting in the same voltage across each element, but the current divides among the different paths.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Series-Parallel Circuit: <\/strong>This circuit combines elements of both series and parallel configurations. It includes components connected in series in some sections and similar in others. To analyse a series-parallel circuit, each branch is considered separately to understand the circuit&#8217;s behaviour.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Circuit Ground: <\/strong>The ground in a circuit serves as a reference point and provides a return path for the electrical current to the source. Every circuit has at least one ground, but there can be multiple. The voltage across each component in a circuit is measured relative to this ground point.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Also Check: <a href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/friction\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Friction<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_an_Integrated_Circuits\"><\/span>What is an Integrated Circuits?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Let&#8217;s shrink to a microscopic level with integrated circuits (ICs). These are the brains inside your smartphones, computers, and even kitchen appliances.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Definition: <\/strong>An integrated circuit is a tiny chip that can perform complex tasks. It\u2019s made of semiconductor material (usually silicon) and contains millions of components like transistors, resistors, and capacitors.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Manufacturing: <\/strong>Creating an IC is like an art. It involves layering and etching semiconductor material to form a miniaturized network of electronic components.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Types of ICs: <\/strong>There are digital ICs (like microprocessors) that handle tasks like computing and logic operations and analogue ICs (like amplifiers) which deal with continuous signals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Also Check: <a href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/cars\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Facts About Car<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"History_of_Integrated_Circuits\"><\/span>History of Integrated Circuits?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The history of integrated circuits (ICs) began in the late 1950s. <strong>Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments <\/strong>and Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor independently invented the first practical ICs around 1958-1959. Kilby&#8217;s initial prototype, a germanium chip, demonstrated on September 12, 1958, was a significant breakthrough.<\/p>\n<p>Noyce improved the design by using silicon, a more practical material. This innovation laid the foundation for the microelectronics revolution. Integrated circuits miniaturised and dramatically improved the performance of electronic devices, leading to the development of computers, mobile phones, and countless other technologies that form the backbone of modern digital society.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_do_Integrated_Circuits_Work\"><\/span>How do Integrated Circuits Work?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Integrated circuits (ICs) are essential in modern electronics, typically mounted on circuit boards. They can be attached by inserting their pins directly into the board or placing them in a dedicated socket.<\/p>\n<p>The primary function of an IC is to process signals within the circuit board powered by the same board. Each pin or leg of an IC has a distinct role, ranging from data transmission to powering the circuit, among other tasks.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Applications_of_Integrated_Circuits\"><\/span>Applications of Integrated Circuits<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Integrated circuits (ICs) are the backbone of modern technology, embedded in many devices and systems, shaping our daily lives. Here are some critical applications:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Gaming Consoles and High-Definition Video Games: <\/strong>Brands like Nintendo, PlayStation, and Xbox rely on ICs for their power processors, enabling immersive high-definition gaming experiences.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Industrial Automation and Robotics:<\/strong> Industries leverage ICs in robots for automatic operations, achieving high accuracy and precision in various manufacturing processes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Drone Technology: <\/strong>Drones use ICs to manage radio communications, facilitating flight control and the transmission of vital information.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Communication Devices and Systems:<\/strong> Many communication tools, from mobile phones to internet modems, satellites, and radars, depend on ICs for efficient data, voice, and video transmission.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Home Appliances: <\/strong>Household devices such as microwave ovens and air conditioners use ICs to interpret signals from temperature sensors, ensuring effective control and maintenance.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Smart Vehicle Technology: <\/strong>Advanced cars, exemplified by brands like Tesla, integrate ICs for various functions, including monitoring the driver&#8217;s heartbeat, GPS-based navigation, and long-range obstacle detection.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>These examples highlight the integral role of ICs in advancing technology across multiple domains, signifying their indispensable contribution to the technological landscape.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Why_do_Circuits_Matter\"><\/span>Why do Circuits Matter?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Circuits are everywhere! They are in our homes, schools, and even in our pockets. Understanding circuits helps us appreciate the technology around us and inspires future innovations.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Activity_Idea_related_to_Circuits\"><\/span>Activity Idea related to Circuits<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Create a simple electric circuit using a battery, a small light bulb, and some wires. See how the light bulb lights up when the circuit is complete. It\u2019s a great way to see the principles of circuits in action!<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fun_Facts\"><\/span><strong>Fun Facts<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>The first integrated circuit was created in 1958 by Jack Kilby.<\/li>\n<li>The largest integrated circuit ever made is a 2.6 trillion transistor chip by Cerebras Systems, used for artificial intelligence.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Bonus fact:<\/strong> Circuits are everywhere! From the light switch on your wall to the computer you&#8217;re using, they&#8217;re the invisible powerhouses behind almost everything we use!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Also Check: <a href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/stegosaurus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Stegosaurus<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electric_Circuits_FAQs\"><\/span>Electric Circuits FAQs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\t\t<section class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card \">\n\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_a_circuit_called\"><\/span>What is a circuit called?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tA circuit can have different names depending on the context! In electronics, it's called an electronic circuit. In racing, it's a race circuit. In logic, it's called a logical circuit.\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card \">\n\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_the_word_circuit_all_about\"><\/span>What is the word circuit all about?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tA circuit is a closed loop in which something travels around. It can be used for electricity, data, or even physical things like cars on a racetrack.\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"sc_fs_faq sc_card \">\n\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Whats_inside_a_circuit\"><\/span>What&#039;s inside a circuit?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThe things inside a circuit depend on what it's used for. But some standard components include: Electricity: Batteries, wires, switches, resistors, capacitors, transistors (like tiny switches for electrons!) Electric circuit components Data: Processors, memory chips, wires, data cables Physical things: Roads, tracks, junctions, markers\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n\t{\n\t\t\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n\t\t\"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n\t\t\"mainEntity\": [\n\t\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"What is a circuit called?\",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"A circuit can have different names depending on the context! In electronics, it's called an electronic circuit. In racing, it's a race circuit. In logic, it's called a logical circuit.\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t,\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"What is the word circuit all about?\",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"A circuit is a closed loop in which something travels around. It can be used for electricity, data, or even physical things like cars on a racetrack.\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t,\t\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Question\",\n\t\t\t\t\"name\": \"What's inside a circuit?\",\n\t\t\t\t\"acceptedAnswer\": {\n\t\t\t\t\t\"@type\": \"Answer\",\n\t\t\t\t\t\"text\": \"The things inside a circuit depend on what it's used for. But some standard components include: Electricity: Batteries, wires, switches, resistors, capacitors, transistors (like tiny switches for electrons!) Electric circuit components Data: Processors, memory chips, wires, data cables Physical things: Roads, tracks, junctions, markers\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t\t\t\t]\n\t}\n<\/script>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Have you ever wondered how your favourite gadgets work? It all starts with a circuit. Let&#8217;s explore a circuit and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_focuskw":"Electric Circuits","_yoast_wpseo_title":"What is a Circuit? Understanding Electric and Integrated Circuits","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Electric circuit, path for transmitting electric current. An electric circuit includes a device that gives energy to the charged particles.","custom_permalink":"science\/circuit\/"},"categories":[116],"tags":[],"table_tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v17.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is a Circuit? Understanding Electric and Integrated Circuits<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Electric circuit, path for transmitting electric current. An electric circuit includes a device that gives energy to the charged particles.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/infinitylearn.com\/surge\/science\/circuit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is a Circuit? 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