Diffusion of Gases

Distribution is defined as the net movement of an object or molecule from a high-focus area to a low-focus area.

Diffusion is defined as the combination of two or more gases at a given temperature, as well as pressure. Random movement from the pressure point to reduce pressure near the concentration gradient.

Concentration gradient is defined as focusing on the length of each unit. Distribution occurs in liquids and gases but is not solid. Distribution occurs much faster in gases than in liquids. Distribution occurs faster at warmer temperatures than at lower temperatures.

Types of Distribution

• Easy distribution: A moving object from a high concentration to a low concentration with a simple stream. It is a moving mode. A dynamic transport means that energy is not required for the movement of molecules.
• Simplified distribution
  The distribution of a substance depends on its solubility in lipids. The cell membrane is made up of proteins and lipids. The solvents in lipids will spread to the membrane quickly. Hydrophilic substances will not pass easily through the membrane. These molecules need to be simplified to move the membrane. This is done by easy dispersal. , from high to low focus.

Protein channels may remain open or may be controlled. Other protein pathways may be larger to allow larger molecules to pass through.

• When protein pathways are used to transport molecules, they can be of the following types-
• Symport-Both molecules travel across the membrane in the same way.
• Antiport – Both molecules move in a different direction.
• Uniport: Molecules that move across the membrane without each other.

Comparison between simple and facilitated distribution

With simple distribution the special transport channels are not required, they are selective and there is no escalator transport and it is an idle process i.e. no power is required for the movement of molecules to occur. While in advanced broadcasting special transport channels are required. It is selective and there is no transport going up. It is a process of inactivity i.e. no energy is required for the movement of molecules to occur.

Osmosis

It is a special type of dispersion in which the movement of water molecules (solvent) occurs from a high concentration area to a low concentration in the semipermeable membrane. The osmosis rate is affected by the pressure gradient and concentration gradient.

Osmosis can occur in cells in the following ways:

• Endosmosis: A solution outside the cell contains an additional amount of solvent. This solution is known as a hypotonic solution. When a cell is immersed in a hypotonic solution the solvent occurs from the outside to the cell.
• Exosmosis: A solution outside the cell contains a small amount of solvent as compared to inside a cell. This solution is known as a hypertonic solution. When a cell is immersed in the movement of a hypertonic solvent solution occurs inside the cell to the outside.

Factors affecting diffusion

• Temperature – Increased temperature increases the distribution rate.
• Pressure-With increasing pressure, the distribution rate increases.
• Molecule Size or Particles-Hard particles will be slightly dispersed during light
  the molecules will disperse rapidly.
• Concentration gradient-Diffusion occurs from top to bottom.
• Membrane penetration-Propagation usually does not require membranes but osmosis requires a smooth membrane. With a leaking membrane, osmosis cannot occur.

Examples

Diffusion in Humans: After breathing, oxygen is trapped in the small blood vessels of the lungs. Carbon dioxide will spread from the bloodstream to the air sacs in the lungs. The digested food also passes through the small intestine to the capillaries of the blood through circulation. Distribution, therefore, plays a very important role in the human body.

Other examples of distribution are

• Distribution of waste, salt, and kidney water
• Gas exchange in the lungs
• Dialysis: A surgical procedure that replaces the kidney function slowly. Dialysis is based on the principle of dissolving solvents and the strong purification of liquids in an impermeable membrane.
• Diffusion in plants
• Gas dispersion occurs in plants through the leaves.
• Water infiltration occurs by roots through osmosis.
• Transport of biomolecules and minerals in plants.

Daily – basis examples

• Add boiling water to dried noodles
• During worship, we use an incense burner
• The sugar dissolves evenly in the water
• The fragrance we use is fragrant