A stream of particles, such as ions and electrons, travelling through an electrical conductor or space is known as an electric current. It’s the net rate of electric charge flow through a surface and into a control container that’s monitored.
The ampere, or amp, is the SI unit of current flow, which is specified as the passage of electric charge along a surface at a rate of one coulomb per second. An SI base unit is the ampere (symbol: A). An ammeter is a gadget that is used to measure electric current.
Current density is a vector quantity, despite the fact that it can be expressed as the ratio of two scalar numbers (current and area). The direction of current density in the path of electric current flow is perpendicular to the cross-sectional area. The ratio of the electric field to the resistivity of material can alternatively be represented as current density. Because the electric field is a vector, the fact that the current density is a vector becomes evident. The current density is in the electric field’s direction.
The dimensional formula of current is specified by,
[M0 L0 T0 I1]
M = Mass, I = Current, L = Length, T = Time
Has a relation formula with charge defined as
I=Q/T
Q = Charge
T = Time
So, from here we originate unit of currency to be
Coulomb/second
But it has a different fundamental unit
Ampere
The flow of charge per unit time is defined as current.
Dimensional formula:
[MⁿLⁿTⁿA¹], n=0
Dimensions in physics help describe the physical quantities in terms of fundamental units like:
Electric current is one of the basic quantities in physics, so its dimension is simple:
Here, A stands for amperes, which is the unit for electric current. It does not depend on other dimensions like mass or length, so they are represented as zero:
Electric current () is calculated using the formula:
where:
This shows that current is the rate of flow of charge over time.
Current density is the rate at which charge runs through a given unit area; it is described as a vector whose magnitude is the current per unit cross-sectional area. If the moving charges are positive, the current density has the same sign as their velocity.
Electrical energy is turned into heat energy in the heating effect. The heating effect of electric current is a phenomenon that occurs when an electric current is transmitted through a wire that becomes heated.
The pace at which electrons travel through a conductor is known as electric current. The ampere is the SI unit for electrical current. Electrons are tiny particles that reside within a substance's molecular structure.
