Individual molecules in gases have all of the physical attributes of an element, including mass, momentum, and energy. The density of a gas is calculated by dividing the total mass of all molecules by the volume of the gas. The pressure of the gas is used to calculate the linear momentum of the gas.
When the molecules of gas collide with the walls of the container in which they are contained, the molecules give momentum to the walls, which results in a force that can be measured. The temperature of a gas is a measurement of the gas’s average kinetic energy.
The gas molecules are constantly moving and producing energy as a result of this movement. The motion is directly proportional to the temperature. These are some key themes taught in the kinetic theory of gases section of the IIT JEE syllabus.
Some assumptions underpin the kinetic theory of gases. Let’s take a look at some of these assumptions.
kB = nR/N
The Boltzmann constant is kB.
The gas constant is R.
The number of moles is denoted by the letter n.
The number of particles in a mole is N. (the Avogadro number)
K.E = (3/2)nRT
The number of moles is denoted by the letter n.
The universal gas constant is R.
The absolute temperature is denoted by T.
Vrms ＞ V＞ Vp
Vrms is the RMS speed.
The average speed is denoted by the letter V.
The most likely speed is Vp.
U = (f/2) nRT
For n moles of an ideal gas.
RMS (Root Mean Square) is the abbreviation for Root Mean Square. In an AC system, the root means square voltage or current is also known as time-averaged voltage or current. A statistical measure of the size of a changing quantity is the root mean square, which can also be called a quadratic mean. It's most effective when the function's values alternate between negative and positive. The square root of the arithmetic mean of the squares of the original values is the RMS value of a collection of variables.
The Boltzmann Constant was invented by Max Plank. Ludwig Boltzmann was the inspiration for the name. It is a physical constant that is calculated by dividing the ratio of two constants known as the gas constant and the Avogadro number. The Boltzmann constant is utilized in a variety of physics areas, including describing the equipartition of an atom's energy and the Boltzmann factor. In the statistical concept of entropy, this constant is very important.
For molecules with f degrees of freedom, K = (f/2) KвT. Boltzmann's constant is KB. The temperature of the gas is denoted by T. For an ideal gas with n moles.