Important Topics and Questions for Class 12 Accountancy Board Exam 2025

Important Topics of Accountancy Class 12: The CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Board Exam 2025 is scheduled for March 26, 2025, from 10:30 AM to 1:00 PM. With exams already underway for the Commerce stream, students must focus on important chapters and high-weightage topics to strengthen their preparation.

To help students, a list of important chapters and topics has been compiled based on the official syllabus, course structure, and marking scheme released by CBSE. Additionally, previous years’ question papers and exam trends have been analyzed to identify key areas that frequently appear in the exam.

By following these insights, students can prioritize their study plan, focus on essential topics, and improve their exam performance. Using the right study materials and strategic preparation methods can boost confidence and help achieve better scores in the CBSE Class 12 Accountancy paper 2025.

Important Topics of Accountancy Class 12 - Introduction

Accountancy is a crucial subject in Class 12 Commerce as it builds a strong foundation in financial management, business transactions, and corporate accounting. To perform well in the CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Board Exam 2025, students must focus on key topics that hold high weightage in the exam. Below is a structured list of important topics, marking scheme, marks distribution, covering Partnership Firms, Companies, Financial Statements, and Cash Flow Statements.

CBSE Class 12 Exam Pattern and Marking Scheme 2025 (Updated)

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Syllabus 2024-25

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025 – Marks Distribution & Key Highlights

Key Highlights of CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Exam Pattern 2025

• Total Marks – 100 Marks (80 Marks for Theory + 20 Marks for Project Work)
• Theory Paper – Tests accounting principles, procedures, and applications
• Project Work – Focuses on practical application, analytical skills, and critical thinking

CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Exam 2025 – Section-Wise Marks Distribution

🔹 Part A (Compulsory for All Students)

Questions 1 to 16 – 1 mark each → 16 marks
Questions 17 to 20 – 3 marks each → 12 marks
Questions 21 to 22 – 4 marks each → 8 marks
Questions 23 to 26 – 6 marks each → 24 marks

🔹 Part B (Choose One Option Only)

Students can choose between Analysis of Financial Statements or Computerised Accounting.

Option (i): Analysis of Financial Statements
Questions 27 to 30 – 1 mark each → 4 marks
Questions 31 to 32 – 3 marks each → 6 marks
Question 33 – 4 marks → 4 marks
Question 34 – 6 marks → 6 marks

Option (ii): Computerised Accounting
Questions 27 to 30 – 1 mark each → 4 marks
Questions 31 to 32 – 3 marks each → 6 marks
Question 33 – 4 marks → 4 marks
Question 34 – 6 marks → 6 marks

Total Marks for Theory Paper – 80 Marks
Final Tip: Understanding the exam pattern and marks distribution helps students strategize their preparation, focus on key topics, and improve time management for scoring high in CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Board Exam 2025.

Important Questions of Class 12 Accountancy (Chapter Wise)

List of Important Topics for Class 12 Accountancy Board Exam 2025

1- Important Topics from Accounting for Partnership Firms

A. Accounting for Partnership: Basic Concepts

• Features of partnership and partnership deed
• Fixed vs. fluctuating capital accounts
• Profit and Loss Appropriation Account – Division of profits, guarantee of profits, past adjustments
• Goodwill – Meaning, factors affecting, and valuation methods (average profit, super profit, and capitalization)

B. Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm
i. Admission of a Partner

• Change in Profit Sharing Ratio – Sacrificing ratio & gaining ratio
• Revaluation of assets & reassessment of liabilities
• Treatment of reserves, accumulated profits & losses
• Treatment of goodwill as per AS 26
• Preparation of capital accounts and balance sheet

ii. Retirement/Death of a Partner

• Effect of retirement/death on profit sharing ratio
• Treatment of goodwill, reserves & revaluation of assets
• Adjustment of capital accounts and preparation of balance sheet
• Calculation of deceased partner’s share of profit
• Preparation of deceased partner’s capital account & executor’s account

C. Dissolution of Partnership Firm

• Types of dissolution
• Preparation of Realization Account, Capital Accounts & Cash/Bank Account

Class 12 Commerce Preparation Tips 2025

2- Important Topics from Accounting for Companies

A. Accounting for Share Capital

• Features & types of companies
• Types of shares – Equity & Preference Shares
• Issue & allotment of shares – Par, premium, oversubscription, under-subscription
• Forfeiture & reissue of shares
• Disclosure of share capital in Balance Sheet

B. Issue and Redemption of Debentures

• Meaning and types of debentures
• Issue at par, premium & discount
• Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash
• Terms of redemption & debentures as collateral security
• Interest on debentures (TDS concept excluded)
• Writing off discount/loss on debenture issue

3- Important Topics from Analysis of Financial Statements

A. Financial Statements of a Company

• Meaning, nature & importance
• Statement of Profit & Loss & Balance Sheet – Major headings & subheadings

B. Analysis of Financial Statements

• Meaning, objectives & importance
• Comparative & common size financial statements
• Ratio analysis & cash flow analysis

C. Accounting Ratios

• Objectives, advantages & classification
• Liquidity Ratios, Solvency Ratios, Activity Ratios & Profitability Ratios

4- Important Topics from Cash Flow Statement

• Meaning, objectives & benefits
• Cash & Cash Equivalents
• Preparation of Cash Flow Statement (Direct & Indirect Method)

Important Questions of Accountancy Class 12

Preparing for the CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Board Exam requires a thorough understanding of key topics and consistent practice with various question types. Based on an analysis of previous years' papers and commonly tested concepts, here's a compilation of important questions to aid your preparation:

Accounting for Not-for-Profit Organizations:

1. Explain the features of not-for-profit organizations and the necessity of maintaining separate accounting records.
2. Describe the process of preparing a Receipts and Payments Account and its significance.
3. Differentiate between Receipts and Payments Account and Income and Expenditure Account.
4. Illustrate the treatment of subscription income, including adjustments for outstanding and advance payments.

Accounting for Partnership Firms:

Fundamentals:

1. Discuss the essential characteristics of a partnership and the importance of a partnership deed.
2. Elaborate on the methods of maintaining capital accounts: fixed and fluctuating.
3. Solve problems related to the distribution of profits among partners, considering interest on capital, interest on drawings, salaries, and profit-sharing ratios.

Reconstitution of Partnership:

1. Explain the accounting treatment during the admission of a new partner, including adjustments for goodwill, revaluation of assets and liabilities, and changes in capital balances.
2. Describe the accounting procedures during the retirement or death of a partner, focusing on settlement of dues, revaluation, and distribution of accumulated profits or losses.
3. Dissolution of Partnership Firm:
4. Outline the process of dissolving a partnership firm and the preparation of necessary accounts, such as realization account, partners' capital accounts, and cash/bank account.

Accounting for Companies:

Share Capital:

1. Define share capital and differentiate between various types of shares: equity and preference.
2. Discuss the procedures for the issue of shares at par, premium, and discount, including accounting entries.
3. Explain the concept of over-subscription and under-subscription of shares and their accounting treatment.
4. Describe the process of forfeiture and reissue of shares with relevant journal entries.

Debentures:

1. Define debentures and distinguish them from shares.
2. Illustrate the accounting treatment for the issue of debentures at par, premium, and discount.
3. Discuss the methods of redemption of debentures and the corresponding accounting entries.

Analysis of Financial Statements:

Financial Statements of a Company:

1. Describe the components of financial statements as per the Companies Act, 2013, including the Balance Sheet and Statement of Profit and Loss.
   Financial Statement Analysis:
2. Explain the objectives and limitations of financial statement analysis.
3. Prepare and interpret comparative and common-size financial statements.

Accounting Ratios:

Calculate and interpret various ratios: liquidity ratios (current and quick ratios), solvency ratios (debt to equity, interest coverage), activity ratios (inventory turnover, debtor turnover), and profitability ratios (gross profit margin, net profit margin, return on investment).

Cash Flow Statement

1. Define a cash flow statement and explain its objectives.
2. Differentiate between operating, investing, and financing activities with suitable examples.
3. Prepare a cash flow statement using the indirect method as per Accounting Standard-3 (AS-3).

For comprehensive preparation, it's advisable to practice these questions and refer to previous years' question papers to familiarize yourself with the exam pattern and the types of questions frequently asked. Regular practice will enhance your problem-solving skills and boost your confidence for the examination.

Final Preparation Tip

While these topics carry significant weightage, students should cover the entire syllabus to ensure a strong grasp of all concepts. Practice previous years' question papers, focus on numerical accuracy, and revise theoretical concepts thoroughly to score well in the CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Exam 2025.