What is Molar Conductivity?
Molar Conductivity Formula
Units of Molar Conductivity
How Does Molar Conductivity Change?
- 1. Dilution Effect:
- 2. Type of Electrolyte:
Applications
- Key Takeaways
FAQs

Molar Conductivity

What is Molar Conductivity?

Molar conductivity is a measure of how well ions in a solution conduct electricity when one mole of a substance is dissolved in a specific volume of water. It tells us how efficiently the charged particles (ions) move and carry electricity.

Molar Conductivity Formula

Molar conductivity (Λ_m) is calculated using this formula:

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Λ_m = κ / C

Λ_m: Molar conductivity (measured in S m² mol⁻¹)
κ (kappa): Conductivity of the solution (measured in S m⁻¹)
C: Concentration of the solution in moles per liter (mol/L)

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Units of Molar Conductivity

Conductivity (κ): Siemens per meter (S/m)
Concentration (C): Moles per liter (mol/L)
Molar Conductivity (Λ_m): Siemens meter squared per mole (S·m²/mol)

How Does Molar Conductivity Change?

1. Dilution Effect:

As you dilute the solution (add more water), the ions move more freely because they have more space. This increases molar conductivity.

2. Type of Electrolyte:

Strong Electrolytes: Fully dissociate into ions (e.g., NaCl, HCl). Molar conductivity increases with dilution.
Weak Electrolytes: Partially dissociate (e.g., CH₃COOH). Molar conductivity increases more sharply with dilution due to increased ion dissociation.

Applications

Helps in understanding the behavior of electrolytes.
Useful in industries for testing water purity.
Important in electrochemical studies.

Key Takeaways

Molar conductivity increases with dilution.
It reflects the ability of ions to carry electrical current.
Strong electrolytes dissociate completely, while weak ones do not.

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FAQs

Molar conductivity is a term used to describe the ability of a substance to conduct electricity when it is?

Molar conductivity is the conductance property of a solution containing one mole of electrolyte, and it is a function of the solution's ionic strength or salt concentration.

How do molar conductance and specific conductance relate to one other?

Specific conductance is obtained by multiplying the molarity of the solution by the molar conductance of the solution.

What relationship exists between molar conductance and dilution? How does it change as the solution’s conductance changes?

The amount of ions responsible for transporting current reduces when the solution is diluted per unit volume. As a result, as dilution increases, conductivity diminishes. Molar conductivity, on the other hand, rises with dilution.

K/M = molar conductance

K stands for specific conductance.

M is the electrolyte concentration.