The moment of inertia is a measure of how difficult it is to rotate an object around an axis. For a sphere, it depends on its mass and how the mass is distributed relative to the axis of rotation.
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This concept is crucial in physics for understanding rotational motion, from spinning planets to rolling balls!
A solid sphere of mass M and radius R has a moment of inertia of (2/5) MR2.
The moment of inertia is a measure of an object's resistance to rotation about an axis. It depends on the mass of the object and how the mass is distributed relative to the axis of rotation.
The difference arises because the mass distribution in the two spheres is different. In a solid sphere, the mass is spread throughout the volume, closer to the center, resulting in a lower moment of inertia. In a hollow sphere, all the mass is at the surface, farther from the axis, leading to a higher moment of inertia.
Yes, the moment of inertia depends on the axis of rotation. If the axis of rotation changes, the mass distribution relative to the axis also changes, affecting the moment of inertia.