Information, messages, data, and signals can now be sent from one location to another in seconds. Modulation is being used in the communication system to increase the range of the signals. The majority of signals produced in daily life have sinusoidal waveforms. A sinusoidal wave is a curve that represents smooth repetitive oscillations. Signals sent during communication contain critical information in the form of a sinusoidal wave.
Modulation and its variants are critical in the rapid transmission of signals from the sender to the receiver. The superimposition of the signal wave (carrying the message) with a high-frequency carrier signal to ensure the faster signal transmission is known as modulation.
Modulation is a widely used process in communication systems that uses a very high-frequency carrier wave to transmit a low-frequency message signal so that the transmitted signal retains all of the information contained in the original message signal. Because the message signals have a very low frequency, they cannot be transmitted over long distances. As a result, low-frequency message signals are modulated over high-frequency carrier signals.
The transmission of information over long distances by communication systems is a remarkable feat of human ingenuity. We can communicate with, video chat with, and text with anyone on the planet! To increase the reach of the signals, the communication system employs a very clever technique known as Modulation.
This process involves two signals. Message signals, as well known as baseband signals, are the frequency band that represents the original signal. This is the signal that will be sent to the receiver. Typically, the frequency of such a signal is low. A high-frequency sinusoidal wave is also involved in this. This signal is referred to as the carrier signal.
Carrier signals almost always have a higher frequency than baseband signals. The baseband signal’s amplitude is transferred to the high-frequency carrier. A higher frequency carrier can travel much further than a baseband signal.
One of the most important branches of electronics science, modulation is widely used in communication systems. It incorporates the signal’s various fundamental properties in order to transpose it from one location to another.
Modulation can be classified into three types:
The antenna’s length can be easily calculated using the following formula:
L = λ = u/ν = (3 x 108) / ν
Where, L = length of antenna
When radio waves are transmitted, the phase of modulation is critical. As a result, it has become an essential component of the transmission of coding schemes. Furthermore, it is ideal for communication signal transmission. The term phase modulation refers to the combination of two modulations, namely angle modulation and frequency modulation. Wi-Fi, satellite television, and GSM are the most common uses for radio waves.
The modulating voltage determines the frequency deviation in FM. In the case of PM, however, frequency deviation is proportional to two quantities: modulating voltage and modulating frequency. When compared to PM, FM has a higher signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, FM has superior noise immunity when compared to PM.
Modulation could be used at the broadcasting station to send the audio signal over longer distances to a receiver. Once the modulated wave is picked up by the radio receiver, the audio signal must be recovered. It is done in the radio receiver and is known as demodulation.