First slide

Internal energy and internal energy change

Question

A gas is allowed to expand in a well insulated container against a constant external pressure of 2.5 atm from an initial volume of 2.50 L to a final volume of 4.50 L. The change in internal energy $∆ U$ of the gas in joules will be

Moderate

A

-500 J
B

-505 J
C

+505 J
D

1136.25 J

Solution

$w = - P_{ext} Δ V = - 2.5 (4.50 - 2.50) = - 5 L atm = - 5 \times 101.325 J = - 506.625 J ΔU = q + w As, the container is insulated, thus q = 0 Hence, ΔU = w = - 506.625 J$

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