First slide

Regulation of Kidney Function

Question

Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?

Moderate

A

Increase in aldosterone levels.
B

Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels.
C

Decrease in aldosterone levels.
D

Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels.

Solution

Angiotensin II causes vasoconstriction and stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete aldosterone, a hormone that increases reabsorption of ${Na}^{+}$ and water by the kidneys. The increases in systemic vascular resistance and blood volume help raise blood pressure. Urine formation is reduced due to increased levels of aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
ADH enhances water reabsorption by the kidneys. It also causes vasoconstriction, which increases blood pressure.

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