The Biology Practical Class 12 plays a crucial role in helping students excel in the CBSE Class 12 Biology examination. It allows learners to apply theoretical knowledge through hands-on experiments, making concepts easier to understand. The CBSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus 2024-25 includes a detailed framework for practicals, ensuring students are well-prepared for lab work and the viva voce. Successfully mastering these activities not only enhances subject comprehension but also contributes significantly to overall exam performance.
The CBSE Biology Practical Class 12 is designed to give students hands-on experience with biological experiments, bridging the gap between theory and practice. These practicals help test a student’s understanding of key concepts, their ability to perform experiments, and interpret results accurately. From studying plant and animal specimens to analyzing biological processes, these experiments enhance problem-solving skills and prepare students for real-world applications in biology.
| Evaluation Component | Marks |
| One Major Experiment | 5 |
| One Minor Experiment (Experiment 2 & 3) | 4 |
| Slide Preparation (Experiment 1 & 4) | 5 |
| Spotting | 7 |
| Practical Record + Viva Voce | 4 |
| Investigatory Project + Project Record + Viva Voce | 5 |
| Total | 30 |
Also Check: CBSE Subject Code for Class 12
| Experiment | Category | Learning Objective |
| Prepare a temporary mount to observe pollen germination. | Mount Preparation | Understand the process of pollen germination under a microscope. |
| Study the plant population density by quadrat method. | Ecology | Learn about population density calculations in a given area. |
| Study the plant population frequency by quadrat method. | Ecology | Understand how to calculate the frequency of plant species. |
| Create a temporary slide of the onion root tip to observe the process of mitosis. | Cell Biology | Observe stages of mitosis in onion root tips. |
| Isolate DNA from available plant material (e.g., spinach, peas, papaya). | Molecular Biology | Learn DNA isolation techniques from plant sources. |
| Flowers have evolved distinct features to attract different pollinators such as wind, insects, and birds. | Spotting | Study adaptations for pollination by various agents. |
| Pollen germination on stigma (permanent slide or micrograph). | Spotting | Understand pollen-stigma interaction during germination. |
| Stages of gamete development (T.S. of testis and ovary). | Spotting | Identify stages of gametogenesis using permanent slides. |
| Meiosis in onion bud cells or grasshopper testis. | Spotting | Study meiosis stages in plant or insect cells. |
| T.S. of blastula (Mammalian). | Spotting | Understand early stages of mammalian development. |
| Mendelian inheritance using seeds of different colors/sizes. | Genetics | Explore Mendelian principles through seed experiments. |
| Pedigree charts of genetic traits (e.g., blood groups, color blindness). | Genetics | Learn about inheritance patterns and pedigree analysis. |
| Controlled pollination – emasculation, tagging, bagging. | Plant Breeding | Understand the techniques of artificial pollination. |
| Common disease-causing organisms (Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium, etc.). | Spotting | Study organisms causing diseases and their symptoms. |
| Symbolic associations (e.g., root nodules, Cuscuta, lichens). | Spotting | Understand examples of symbiotic and parasitic relationships. |
| Homologous and analogous organs (flashcard models). | Spotting | Learn about evolutionary relationships through morphology. |
Maintaining a well-organized Biology Practical Notebook for Class 12 is very important. It helps in recording all experiments, observations, and conclusions clearly. A neat and detailed notebook is not only helpful for understanding biological concepts better but also plays a key role in the evaluation process.
Here are a few tips to ensure your Biology Practical Notebook is well-prepared:
By following these steps, you will ensure that your Biology Practical Notebook is well-prepared and helps in your learning and evaluation.
The CBSE Class 12 Biology Practical Book is an essential resource for students to understand the detailed practical syllabus prescribed by CBSE. It includes step-by-step instructions for each experiment, along with the required theory, apparatus, aim, and procedure. This lab manual is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of various biological experiments. Additionally, it contains a set of Viva Voce questions, helping students practice and prepare for the oral examination as part of the CBSE Class 12 Biology Practical.
The CBSE Class 12 Biology Practical exam follows a well-defined set of guidelines as mentioned in the official syllabus PDF.
Adhering to these guidelines ensures that students are well-prepared for the practical exam and can perform effectively during the evaluation process.
To excel in CBSE Class 12 Biology Practical, follow these simple and effective tips:
A biology practical exam is a hands-on assessment where students perform experiments in a laboratory setting to demonstrate their understanding of biological concepts. It includes recording observations, performing calculations, and drawing conclusions based on the experiments conducted.
The topics for Class 12 Biology practical typically include experiments related to plant and animal tissues, microscopy, genetics, ecology, biochemistry, and physiology. These experiments help students understand the core concepts of biology through real-world applications.
The CBSE Class 12 Biology practical exam is usually marked out of 30. This includes marks for the practical file, performing the experiment, and the Viva Voce (oral questions based on the experiments).
To prepare for the Biology Practical Viva in Class 12, review all experiments, the theory, principles, procedures, chemicals, materials, and precautions involved. Be confident in explaining the scientific concepts and showing your understanding of each experiment.
The CBSE Class 12 Biology Practical exam is typically conducted over 3 hours. This time is divided to allow students to complete the major experiment, minor experiment, slide preparation, spotting, and viva voce efficiently. Proper time management is essential to ensure all tasks are completed within the allotted duration.
Yes, the CBSE Class 12 Biology Practical plays a significant role in scoring well in the board exams. It not only helps in understanding key biological concepts through hands-on experience but also contributes to the overall marks. The practical exam accounts for 30 marks, which can significantly impact your final score. Moreover, performing well in the Viva Voce and maintaining a well-organized practical file can further boost your chances of securing good marks.