CBSE Class 12 Physics Important Topics

Class 12 students prepare for both Board exams and competitive exams like NEET & JEE. Subjects like Chemistry and Physics hold importance for both NEET & JEE aspirants. So, a student must be clear with the concepts of these subjects and the application in problems to score maximum marks in these subjects.

It increases the chances of getting a better rank in these competitive exams. We at infinity learn, focus on preparation for NEET and JEE exams through the guidance of expert teachers, assessments, and analysis of student exam reports to deliver the best results. Preparation for any exams requires a proper study schedule focusing on topics that help the students prepare the best. In this article, we will know some important topics that are crucial for both board exams and competitive exams. If you want to score good marks in the exam, study the concepts in these chapters and practice enough numerical. For additional preparation, students can visit Infinity Learn and take practice tests and mock tests for this.

Also Check: CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2023-24

Chapter 1 Electric Charges and Field

Physics Important Topics:

1. Coulomb’s Law
2. Forces between multiple charges electric field due to system of charges
3. Electric dipole’s electric field on the axial and equatorial point
4. Electric dipole in an external electric field
5. Gauss’s law applications

CBSE Class 12 Physics Infinity Learn TIPS:

1. a) The topics in this chapter are based on basic Coulomb’s Law and its applications.;>
2. b) Practice Numericals based on applications of Gauss law, Electric field due to the system of charges, and forces between the system of charges from this chapter.
3. c) Tracing the electric field lines for monopole, dipole, or system of charges are very interesting and important from an exam perspective.
4. d) Direct derivations for torque experienced by dipoles, electric field due to dipole on both axial and equatorial points are asked as Short Answers in CBSE board exams.

Must Read: CBSE Class 12 Physics Paper Analysis

Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Important Topics:

1. Potential and Electric potential energy due to electric dipole and system of charges
2. Equipotential surfaces
3. Effect of dielectric on capacitors
4. Combinations of capacitors
5. Energy stored in capacitors

Chapter 3 Current Electricity

Important Topics:

1. Ohm’s Law
2. Limitations of ohm’s law
3. Resistivity of different materials
4. Combination of resistors
5. Combination of cells
6. Kirchhoff’s law
7. Meter bridge
8. Potentiometer

Chapter 4 Moving Charges and Magnetism

Important Topics:

1. Magnetic force on a current-carrying wire
2. Motion in a magnetic field
3. Velocity selector
4. Cyclotron
5. Magnetic field on the axis of a circular current carrying loop 6. Ampere’s circuital law
6. Force between two parallel current-carrying wires
7. Torque on current-carrying loop in a magnetic field
8. Moving coil galvanometer

Chapter 5 Magnetism and Matter

Important Topics:

1. Axial magnetic field of a bar magnet as solenoid
2. Electric dipole in a uniform magnetic field
3. Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetic Substances
4. Hysteresis Loop

Chapter 6 Electromagnetic Induction

Important Topics:

1. Magnetic flux
2. Faraday’s law of induction
3. Lens law
4. Motional EMF
5. Self-inductance and mutual-inductance

Chapter 7 Alternating Current

Important Topics:

1. RC, LC, LR, and LCR Circuits
2. LC oscillations
3. Power factor
4. Resonance and Sharpness
5. Transformers

Chapter 8 Electromagnetic Waves

Important Topics:

1. Displacement Current
2. EM waves
3. Nature of EM waves

Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Important Topics:

1. Image formation by spherical mirrors
2. Image formation by spherical lenses
3. Total internal reflection
4. Power and combination of lenses
5. Refraction through a Prism
6. Natural phenomenon due to light
7. Eye
8. Telescope
9. Microscope

Chapter 10 Wave Optics

Important Topics:

1. Reflection and refraction of plane waves using Huygen principle
2. Incoherent and coherent waves addition
3. Interference and Young’s double-slit experiment
4. Diffraction of light
5. Resolving power of optical Instruments
6. Polarization by scattering

Chapter 11 Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Important Topics:

1. Photoelectric effect
2. Einstein photoelectric equation
3. de Broglie hypothesis
4. Davisson and Germer experiment

Chapter 12 Atoms

Important Topics:

1. Electron Orbits
2. Atomic spectra
3. Bohr Model of Hydrogen atom
4. Line spectra of the Hydrogen atom
5. de-Broglie explanation of Bohr’s postulate

Chapter 13 Nuclei

Important Topics:

1. Nuclear binding energy
2. Radioactivity
3. Radioactive decays

Chapter 14 Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits

Important Topics:

1. Intrinsic semiconductors
2. Extrinsic semiconductors
3. p-n Junction diode
4. p-n Junction in forward bias and reverse bias
5. Junction diode as a rectifier
6. Zener diode as a voltage regulator
7. n-p-n and p-n-p transistor
8. Transistor as an amplifier
9. Logic gates

Chapter 15 Communication Systems

Important Topics:

1. Elements of communication system
2. Basic terminologies of electronic communication system
3. Propagation of EM waves
4. Amplitude modulation

Toppers Preparation Tips for CBSE Class 12 Physics

1. Focus on Electromagnetism: Give special attention to topics like electrostatics, current electricity, magnetic effects of current, and electromagnetic induction. Understand the concepts of electric and magnetic fields, Gauss’s law, and Faraday’s law, as they form the basis of many questions.
2. Modern Physics: Delve into the concepts of modern physics, including dual nature of radiation and matter, atoms and nuclei, and semiconductor electronics. These topics are crucial and carry significant weightage in the CBSE Class 12 Physics exam.
3. Optics: Master the principles of ray optics and wave optics. Understand the behavior of light, reflection, refraction, and the formation of images by lenses and mirrors. Additionally, focus on wave nature, interference, and diffraction of light.
4. Mechanics: Strengthen your understanding of mechanics, covering topics such as rigid body dynamics, work, energy, and power, and rotational motion. These topics are fundamental and require thorough practice to solve numerical problems effectively.
5. Practice Numerical Questions: Physics is a subject that demands a strong command over numerical problem-solving. Regularly practice numerical questions from all topics to enhance your problem-solving skills and speed.
6. Understand Derivations: Pay attention to understanding and learning the derivations of various laws and principles in physics. Derivations not only help in concept clarity but also aid in answering theoretical questions effectively.
7. Previous Years’ Question Papers: Solve previous years’ question papers to familiarize yourself with the exam pattern and the types of questions asked. This will also help in identifying important topics and focusing your preparation accordingly.
8. Conceptual Clarity: Focus on building a strong conceptual foundation in all topics. Physics is a subject that requires a clear understanding of fundamental principles, so ensure that you are well-versed with the underlying concepts.
9. Revision: Regular revision is key to retaining the vast amount of information in physics. Allocate time for periodic revision of important topics to ensure that you have a strong grasp of the subject.
10. Seek Clarifications: Do not hesitate to seek clarifications from your teachers or peers if you encounter any doubts or difficulties in understanding certain topics. Clarity in concepts is essential for excelling in CBSE Class 12 Physics.

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FAQs on CBSE Class 12 Physics Important Topics

Is Class 12 physics difficult?

Class 12 physics can be challenging, but it depends on your interest and effort.

What are the chapters of Class 12 physics?

Class 12 physics covers various chapters, including electromagnetism, optics, and more.

Is physics hard in class 11 or 12?

Physics can be tough in both class 11 and 12, but it's manageable with consistent study.

How many books are there in Class 12 physics?

There are usually one or two main textbooks for Class 12 physics, but it can vary by the educational board.

What are the most important topics in physics class 12?

Important topics in class 12 physics are electromagnetism, optics, modern physics, and mechanics.

Which is the hardest topic in physics class 12?

Some students find electromagnetic waves, semiconductors, and electromagnetic induction challenging.

What are the topics for physics 12th class?

Class 12 physics covers topics like electromagnetism, optics, modern physics, mechanics, circuits, semiconductors, and waves.

How to score 100 in physics class 12 board?

To score 100, understand well, practice, and follow a study plan. Focus on key topics, solve past papers, ask for help, and manage time during the exam.