[[1]] and [[2]] are the two main geological age rock formations in which coal occurs.

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The Gondwana and the Tertiary are the two main geological age rock formations in which coal occurs. The Gondwana coal formations formed over 200 million years ago. Tertiary sediments are about 55 million years old. The main source of Gondwana coal is in the Damodar valley (West Bengal-Jharkhand). Jharia, Raniganj, Bokaro, Ramgarh and Karanpura are important coalfields on this belt. Coal deposits also exist in the valleys of Godavari, Mahanadi, Son, and Walda. Tertiary coal occurs in the northeastern states of Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, and Nagaland. The Gondwana region has 88 coal fields, whereas the tertiary region has 33 coal fields.

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