[[1]] create possibilities of deep social division and [[2]] social differences do not usually lead to conflict.

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Overlapping creates possibilities of deep social division, and cross-cutting social differences do not usually lead to conflict. Social distinctions may exist in a nation due to the diverse communities with different interests residing within the same geographical territory. There may arise situations where these social differences take the shape of deep social divisions, known as overlapping social differences. For instance, in the case of India, the Dalit community is facing the disproportionate disadvantage of belonging to the lowest section of the caste hierarchy and hence, being poor. On the other hand, cross-cutting social differences do not lead to conflict, for instance, in the case of the Netherlands, where the Catholics and the Protestants are almost equally economically solid or weak.

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