[[1]] introduced upper and lower case in the printing press.

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Johann Gutenberg introduced the upper and lower case in the printing press. Like Bi Sheng, Wang Chen, and Begun before him, Gutenberg understood that it would be necessary to divide the old wooden blocks into their many sections, such as lower-case and upper-case letters, punctuation, etc., to speed up the printing process. He used a variety of metals, including lead, antimony, and tin, to create these movable blocks of letters and symbols. Additionally, he created his ink with linseed oil and soot, a massive improvement over the water-based inks used in China. The first printing press made it possible to manufacture products like an assembly line instead of manually pressing paper to ink. As a result, mass-produced books might now be manufactured for the first time in human history at a fraction of the cost of conventional printing methods.

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