[[1]] means building huge walls of either brick or stone around the city.

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Fortification means building huge walls of either brick or stone around the city.
Thousands of years ago, few of the Janapadas or the states became more significant and powerful than the rest, and they came to be known as the Mahajanapadas. Mahajanapadas had capital cities, and they were fortified. There were many reasons for the fortification of the capital city. Fortification meant building a fort around the city with huge walls of bricks. It was done to manage the city inside the fortified area more easily and effectively. Also, it was seen as a status symbol to showcase the mighty king. The fortification was mainly meant to protect the city and the king from foreign attacks.

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