[[1]] movement emerged as a reaction to the partition of Bengal in 1905.

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The Swadeshi movement emerged as a reaction to the partition of Bengal in 1905. Both the Radicals and the Moderates opposed partitioning Bengal. The Vandemataram Movement, better known as the Swadeshi movement, was sparked by mass protests and enormous public gatherings. It was most powerful in Bengal and deltaic Andhra. The importance of utilising Swadeshi products and avoiding all forms of imported products and resources was emphasised. Everyone was urged to dress in khaki. The initiative sought to support indigenous industries by providing them with momentum. Large-scale protests against imported clothing and goods were organised as part of the Swadeshi movement, and people were urged to purchase and consume goods created in India.

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