[[1]] were popular even among illiterate people.

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Printed books were popular even among illiterate people: Poor people travelling might buy cheap little books carried to markets in nineteenth-century towns. Public libraries, established in the early twentieth century, increased access to books. Many social reformers, including Jyotiba Phule (a Maratha reform pioneer), wrote about the inequalities of the caste system in their publications beginning in the late nineteenth century (Gulamgiri, 1871). B.R. Ambedkar and E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker wrote forcefully on caste in the twentieth century, and their writings were read by people all over India. Factory workers were too overworked and uneducated to write much about their experiences. Chhote Aur Bade Ka Sawal was written and published in 1938 by a Kanpur millworker to demonstrate the links between caste and class exploitation. Sudarshan Chakr's poems were published as Sacchi Kavitayen. Libraries were established in the cotton factories of Bangalore and Bombay. It was done to promote reading and the concept of nationalism. The printed books instilled a love of reading in the underprivileged. Social reformers sponsored and encouraged individuals to use these libraries to increase literacy.

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