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Which component of white light is least scattered by fog or smoke?

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Violet

Red

Blue

Green

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Red light is least scattered by fog or smoke.
The seven colours that make up visible light all have distinct wavelengths. When it comes to scattering light, shorter wavelengths like the blue end and longer wavelengths like the red end, air molecules, and other fine particles in the atmosphere have sizes smaller than the wavelength of visible light. The wavelength of red light is about

1.8 times

that of blue light. As a result, as sunlight travels through the atmosphere, fine air particles scatter shorter wavelength light more strongly than red light (having more wavelength). The colour that is least distorted by smoke or fog is red. Because of this, danger signal lights are red so that they may be seen from a distance.

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