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Q.

A cart is set rolling across a level table, at the same speed on every trial. If it runs into a patch of sand, the cart exerts on the sand an average horizontal force of6 N and travels a distance of 6 cm through the sand as it comes to a stop. If instead the cart runs into a patch of flour it rolls an average of 18 cm before stopping. What is the average magnitude of the horizontal force the cart exerts on the flour?

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a

2 N

b

3 N

c

6 N

d

18 N

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

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The system consisting of the cart's fixed, initial kinetic energy is the mechanical energy that can be transformed due to friction from the surface. Therefore, the loss of mechanical energy is $∆ E_{mech} = - f_{k} d = - (6 N) (006 m) = 0.36 J .$ . This product must remain the same in all cases. For the cart rolling through gravel, -( $f_{k}$ ) (0.I 8 m) = 0.36 J tells us $f_{k}$ = 2 N.

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A cart is set rolling across a level table, at the same speed on every trial. If it runs into a patch of sand, the cart exerts on the sand an average horizontal force of6 N and travels a distance of 6 cm through the sand as it comes to a stop. If instead the cart runs into a patch of flour it rolls an average of 18 cm before stopping. What is the average magnitude of the horizontal force the cart exerts on the flour?