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A closed system undergoes a change of state by process $1 \to 2$ for which $Q_{21} = 10 J$ and $W_{12} = - 5 J$ , the system is now returned to its initial state by a different path $2 \to 1$ for which $W_{21}$ is $- 3 J$ . The total energy change for the cycle is

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$- 2 J$

$- 8 J$

$+ 5 J$

Zero

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

From $1 \to 2$ ; $Q_{21} = Δ u_{21} + W_{21}$ Or $10 = Δ U_{21} - 5$ $∴ Δ U_{21} = 15$

For $2 \to 1$ $Q_{21} = Δ U_{12} + W_{12}$ $= - 15 - 3$ $= - 18 J$

Total energy change $= Q_{12} + Q_{21} = 10 - 18 = - 8 J$

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