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Q.

(a) Give reasons:
(i) H3PO3 undergoes disproportionation reaction but H3PO4 does not.
(ii) When reacts with excess of F2, ClF3 is formed not FCl3.
(iii) Dioxygen is a gas while Sulphur is a solid at room temperature.
b. Write the structures of the following:
(i) XeF4
(ii) HClO3

OR

(a) When concentrated sulphuric acid was added to an unknown salt present in a test tube a brown gas (A) is evolved. This gas intensified when copper turnings were added to the test tube. On cooling, the gas (A) changed into a colourless solid (B).
(i) Identify (A) and (B).
(ii) Write the structures of (A) and (B).
(iii) Why does (A) change into solid while cooking?

(b) Arrange the following in the decreasing order of their reducing character :
HF, HCl, HBr, HI
c. Complete the following reaction:
XeF4+SbF5---->

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Detailed Solution

a.
(i) H3PO3 has oxidation +3 state, which is a low oxidation state. Hence, it undergoes disproportionation while in H3PO4, the oxidation state is +5, which is high oxidation state. Hence, it doesn’t undergo disproportionation.
b. F does not show positive oxidation state as it is a highly electronegative atom.
c. Oxygen is diatomic. Hence it has weak intermolecular forces, whereas Sulphur is polyatomic, held by strong intermolecular forces.
b. (i)Question Image
(ii)
Question Image

OR

a. (i) A= NO2 B= N2O4
(ii) Structure of NO2
Question Image
Structure of N2O4
Question Image
(iii) Because NO2 dimerises to N2O4
b. HI > HBr > HCl > HF
c.XeF4+SbF5XeF3+SbF6
 

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