A group which deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution but directs the incoming group towards o-and p-positions is

see full answer

Your Exam Success, Personally Taken Care Of

1:1 expert mentors customize learning to your strength and weaknesses – so you score higher in school , IIT JEE and NEET entrance exams.

An Intiative by Sri Chaitanya

$- {NO}_{2}$

$- Cl$

$- Br$

all

answer is D.

(Unlock A.I Detailed Solution for FREE)

JEE

NEET

Foundation JEE

Foundation NEET

CBSE

Detailed Solution

Halogens are electron-withdrawing groups due to electronegative nature, hence they deactivate benzene ring for electrophilic substitution but are o,p-directing due to resonance. (As halogens have lone pair).
In nitrobenzene, the nitro group (−NO₂) is attached to the benzene ring. −NO₂ group is an electron withdrawing group. It deactivates benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution reaction.
The resonating structure of nitrobenzene shows +ve charge develops in ortho and para positions.
As a result, the electron density at meta position is relatively higher than at the ortho and para position.
It decreases the electron density at ortho and para position thus making the electron density at meta position more than at ortho and para position.

Watch 3-min video & get full concept clarity