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Q.

A lorry and a car of mass ratio 4:1 are moving with KE in the ratio 3:2 on a horizontal road. Now brakes are applied and braking forces produced are in the ratio 1:2. Then the ratio of stopping timing of lorry and car is:

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a

1:1

b

1:3

c

26 : 1

d

62  : 1

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Mass of lorry and a car
mlmc=41..........................(1)
The ratio of KE:

KElKEc=32 …………………….(2)
And the ratio of breaking forces applied:

FlFc=12................(3)
Now, let the initial velocities of the lorry and the car be ul and uc respectively.
We know that the kinetic energy is given by the expression
KE=12mv2
So the initial kinetic energy of the lorry becomes
KEl=12mlul2.....................(4)
And the kinetic energy of the car becomes
KEc=12mcuc2..........................(5)
Putting (4) and (5) in (2) we get
KEl=12mlul2KEc=12mcuc2=32
Putting (1) in the above equation, we get

4ul21uc2=32

uluc=38


Also, from Newton’s second law of motion, we know that
F = ma
Therefore, if the retardations of the lorry and the car are al and ac respectively, then their breaking forces are given by
F l= mlal..................(7)
Fc = mcac.....(8)
Putting (7) and (8) in (3) we get
mlalmcac=12
Putting (1) in the above equation, we get
alac=18.....................(9)
Now, from the second kinematic equation of motion, we have
v = u + at
For the case of retardation, a = -a
 v = u - at
Since both the lorry and the car have been stopped, we substitute v = 0 in the above to get
0 = u - at
t = ua 
Therefore, the stopping time for the lorry and the car are respectively given by
tl = ulal .........................(10)
tc = ucac ..............(11)
Dividing (10) by (11) we get
tl tc=uluc alac 
Substituting (9) and (6) in the above equation, we finally get

tltc=8×322=26

Thus, the ratio of the stopping time of the lorry and the car is equal to 26:1.

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