A major consequence of deforestation is
(a) increase in rainfall
(b) global warming due to higher CO₂
(c) increase in soil fertility
(d) rise in groundwater levels

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Detailed Solution

Correct answer: (b) Global warming due to higher CO₂

Deforestation reduces the number of trees that absorb (sequester) carbon dioxide. When forests are cleared or burned, the stored carbon in wood and soil is released as CO₂. This raises greenhouse gas concentrations and accelerates global warming.

(a) Increase in rainfall – Usually the opposite. Fewer trees → less evapotranspiration and cloud formation → rainfall often decreases.
(c) Increase in soil fertility – Tree removal exposes soil to erosion and nutrient loss → fertility declines.
(d) Rise in groundwater levels – Deforestation generally increases runoff and reduces infiltration, often lowering groundwater over time.

Final answer: (b) Global warming due to higher CO₂.

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