(A): –$$NO2$$ group is benzene ring deactivating and m $$-$$ directing.(R): $$NO2$$ group withdraws electron density from benzene ring and makes ortho and para positions more electron deficient than meta position.

Question

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It decreases electron density at ortho and para position.In nitrobenzene, the nitro group attached to benzene ring electron withdrawing and it shows $$-R$$ effect which deactivates the benzene ring toward electrophilic substitution.The resonating structure of nitrobenzene shows development of $$+ve$$ charge in ortho and meta positions. As a result, the electron density at meta position is relatively higher than at the ortho and para position. Thus, substitution occurs at meta position.

(A): –NO₂ group is benzene ring deactivating and m - directing.
(R): NO₂ group withdraws electron density from benzene ring and makes ortho and para positions more electron deficient than meta position.

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(A): –NO2 group is benzene ring deactivating and m - directing.(R): NO2 group withdraws electron density from benzene ring and makes ortho and para positions more electron deficient than meta position.

Unlock the full solution & master the concept.

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(A): –NO₂ group is benzene ring deactivating and m - directing.
(R): NO₂ group withdraws electron density from benzene ring and makes ortho and para positions more electron deficient than meta position.