Q.

(A): –NO2 group is benzene ring deactivating and m - directing.

(R): NO2 group withdraws electron density from benzene ring and makes ortho and para positions more electron deficient than meta position.

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a

Both (A) and (R) are false

b

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)

c

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)

d

(A) is true but (R) is false

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

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  • It decreases electron density at ortho and para position.
  • In nitrobenzene, the nitro group attached to benzene ring electron withdrawing and it shows -R effect which deactivates the benzene ring toward electrophilic substitution.
  • The resonating structure of nitrobenzene shows development of +ve charge in ortho and meta positions. 
  • As a result, the electron density at meta position is relatively higher than at the ortho and para position. 
  • Thus, substitution occurs at meta position.
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