Q.

A nuclide at rest emits an α-particle. In this process: 

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a

both α-particle and nucleus move with equal speed in opposite direction

b

both move in opposite directions but nucleus with greater speed

c

α- particle moves with large velocity and the nucleus remains at rest

d

both move in opposite direction but α-particle with greater speed.

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

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As Fext = 0, hence Ps = constant

or Pα+PN = constant

Because nuclide was at rest before emission of α particle, hence according to law of conservation of momentum, Pα+PN = 0

or mαvα+ mNvN = 0 or vα   = -mNmαvN

Thus, α-particle and the nucleus move in opposite directions. Further, as mN >> mα, hence vα>>vN

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