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Q.

A prism disperses a ray of white light while a rectangular glass slab does not. This is because

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a

In a glass slab a ray of white light cannot split into its constituent colours

b

In a glass slab a ray of white light simply passes straight

c

A glass slab can be considered as an achromatic combination of two prisms, the dispersion produced by one prism is cancelled by the dispersion produced by the other

d

None of these 

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Concept: When a light beam travels from one medium to another at an angle, its speed changes. Because different wavelengths of light travel at different speeds through a material, the degree of bending varies with wavelength.
When light goes through a glass, it comes into contact with two surfaces: one entering and one departing. It slows down at the first interface and then speeds up again at the second. If the two interface surfaces are parallel, as in the case of a rectangular glass slab, all of the bendings that occurred at the first interface are exactly reversed at the second, 'undoing' the effect of the first; thus, the emerging ray of light is slightly displaced from the entering ray and all wavelengths that separated interface are recombined.
Remember the idea of a white light dispersing. Recall the fundamentals of how white light is dispersed as it travels through a prism. Additionally, look into why white light does not disperse when it goes through a rectangular piece of glass.
Hence, option 4 is correct.
 
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