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Q.

A string of mass  m is fixed at both its ends. The fundamental mode of string is excited  and it has an angular frequency ω and the maximum displacement amplitude A. Then :

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a

The maximum kinectic energy of the string is   Ek=14mA2ω2

b

The maximum kinetic energy of the string is  Ek=12mA2ω2

c

The mean kinetic energy of the string averaged over one periodic time is  <EK>=14mA2ω2

d

The mean kinetic energy of the string averaged over one periodic time is <EK>=18mA2ω2

answer is A, D.

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Detailed Solution

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Let the displacement of the string be given by 
y(x,t)=AsinπxLcos(ωt+δ) 
Where  δ  is a phase factor.  So the transverse velocity is given by 
 y(x,t)=yt=ωAsinπxLsin(ωt+δ)
The maximum kinetic energy is equal to the string’s total energy of oscillation.  Note  that all points of the  string achieve their maximum kinetic energy at the same instant of time, where y=0forallx.  Since   dm=μdxwhereμ=(mL)
Is the mass per unit length of the uniform string.  The maximum kinetic energy.
EK=max.of[12(yt)2dm] 
=max.of[120L(yt)2dx] 
The maximum value of (yt)2,  occurs when 
sin2(ωt+δ)=1 
Hence   EK=μ2A2ω20Lsin2πxLdx
The integral 0Lsin2πxLdx   over the half-cycle has 
The average value of  L2

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