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Q.

A student sitting near a bench does not get pulled toward the bench because

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a

bench is not exerting gravitational force on student

b

the gravitational force is negligibly small

c

the gravitational force between the boy and the bench is repulsive

d

both A and B

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Gravitational force is the force exerted by two objects on each other having some mass. It is given by:
F=GMmr2
Where M and m are the masses of the objects and r is the distance between them.
G is the universal gravitational constant having value, G=6.67X 10-11 Nm2/kg2

As we can see, the value of G is very small therefore in order to have greater force, the objects need to be very massive.
Here, if we consider the mass of a boy as approximately 40kg, the mass of the bench as 50kg and the distance between them as 10 metres then the gravitational force between them will be:

F=6.67X10-11X40X50102 F=6.67X10-11X2000100 F=13.2 X 10-10N
 

As we can see, the force will be very small. This force will not be sufficient to overcome the friction between the boy and the surface. Therefore, the boy does not get pulled toward the bench.

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