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Q.

A thin spherical insulating shell of radius R carries a uniformly distributed charge such that the potential at its surface is V0. A hole with a small area  α4πR2α<<1 is made on the shell without affecting the rest of the shell. Which one of the following statement(s) is correct?

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a

The magnitude of electric field at the centre of the shell is reduced by αV02R

b

The ratio of the potential at the centre of the shell to that of the point at 12R from centre towards the hole will be 1α12α

c

The magnitude of electric field at a point, located on a line passing through the hole and shell’s center, on a distance 2R from the center of the spherical shell will be reduced by αV02R

d

The potential at the center of the shell is reduced by 2αV0

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Before making hole , V0=KQR=Kσ4πr2R

 After making hole, potential at center, 

 V1=V0- (potential due to removed element) 
V1=V0KqR=V0KRσα4πR2=V0V0α=V01α   
At mid point between center and hole is
V2=V0kqR/2=V02V0α=V012α 

Thus, V1V2=V01αV012α=1α12α2 is correct 

Option A :

 Einitial =0
Efinal =KqRz=kσα4πR2R2=V0αR

EiEf=V0αR   i.e E will decrease by V0αR i.e. (A) is wrong

Option C : 

Ei=kQ2R2=V04R

Ef=kαQR2=αV0R
Option D:

 Vinitial = V0   and   Vfinal=V0Kσα4πR2R=V0V0α
  Vcenter decreases by V0α . i.e. (D) is wrong
 

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