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Q.

A variable air capacitor used in radio tuning circuit is made of N semi-circular plates each of radius R and positioned a distance d from its neighboring plates. A second set of similar plates is enmeshed with its plates half-way between those of first set. Second set of plates can rotate as a complete unit. Determine the capacitance as a function of the angle of rotation θ, where θ = 0 corresponds to the maximum capacitance.
 

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a

(2N1)ε0(πθ)R2d

b

0(πθ)R2d

c

(N1)ε0(πθ)R2d

d

(N2)ε0(πθ)R2d

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

(4) when θ=πthen plates are out of mesh and overlap area is zero and when θ=0ºthe overlap area is πR22; 

By proportion effective overlap area of a single sheet is (πθ)R22 for angle θ.

When there are two plates in combination, number of capacitors formed is 3. So, with N plates, number of capacitors is (2N–1).

 So, total capacity is C=(2N1)ε0AActive  Distance =(2N1)ε0(πθ)R2d 

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