(a) Why was a bacterium used in the first instance of the construction of an artificial recombinant DNA molecule?

(b) Name the scientists who accomplished this and how.

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Detailed Solution

(a) Bacterial cells have plasmid which has an autonomously replicating circular extrachromosomal DNA and an antibiotic resistance gene. Salmonella tymphimurium is the first bacteria used for making artificial recombinant DNA molecule. DNA from a plasmid carrying antibiotic resistannce gene in the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium is linked to the plasmid of E.coli.

(b) Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer accomplished this in 1972. They insert Antibiotic resistant gene into the plasmid of Salmonella tymphimurium was isolated using restriction enzymes. In E. coli, the recombinant plasmid was introduced so that to make copies of gene.

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