(a) Write the reactions involved in the following:
(i) Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction
(ii) Diazotization
(iii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
(b) Give reasons for the following:
(i) (CH₃)₂NH is more basic than (CH₃)₃N in an aqueous solution.
(ii) Aromatic diazonium salts are more stable than aliphatic diazonium salts.

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Detailed Solution

a. (i) Hoffmann bromamide degradation reaction
Primary amines can be prepared by Hoffmann degradation.
Question Image
(ii) Diazotization
$C_{6} H_{5} {NH}_{2} + {NaNO}_{2} + 2 HCl \overset{273 - 278 K}{⟶} C_{6} H_{5} N_{2} Cl + NaCl + 2 H_{2} O$
(iii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis

b.(i) Because of the Inductive effect and hydration effect
(ii) Due to resonance structures.